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The lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid (or lateral lamina of pterygoid process) is broad, thin, and everted and forms the lateral part of a horseshoe like process that extends from the inferior aspect of the sphenoid bone, and serves as the origin of the lateral pterygoid muscle, which functions in allowing the mandible to move in a lateral and medial direction, or from side-to-side.
The lateral and medial pterygoid plates (of the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone) diverge behind and enclose between them a V-shaped fossa, the pterygoid fossa. This fossa faces posteriorly, and contains the medial pterygoid muscle and the tensor veli palatini muscle.
The pterygoid branches of the maxillary artery, irregular in their number and origin, supply the lateral pterygoid muscle and medial pterygoid muscle. Branches of the maxillary artery . References
The medial joins the lateral pterygoid plate about the sixth month. About the fourth month, a center appears for each lingula and speedily joins the rest of the bone. The presphenoid is united to the postsphenoid about the eighth month, and at birth the sphenoid is in three pieces [Fig. 4]: a central, consisting of the body and small wings, and ...
The lateral surfaces of the body are united with the greater wings of the sphenoid and the medial pterygoid plates. Above the attachment of each greater wing is a broad groove, curved something like the italic letter f; it lodges the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus , and is named the carotid sulcus .
The medial pterygoid muscle consists of two heads. The bulk of the muscle arises as a deep head from just above the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate.The smaller, superficial head originates from the maxillary tuberosity and the pyramidal process of the palatine bone.
The pterygoid hamulus is part of the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone of the skull. Its tip is rounded off. [1] It has an average length of 7.2 mm, an average depth of 1.4 mm, and an average width of 2.3 mm. [1] The tendon of tensor veli palatini muscle glides around it. [1]
Pterygoid, from the Greek for 'winglike', may refer to: Pterygoid bone, a bone of the palate of many vertebrates; Pterygoid processes of the sphenoid bone Lateral pterygoid plate; Medial pterygoid plate; Lateral pterygoid muscle; Medial pterygoid muscle; a branch of the Mandibular nerve