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Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a term often used as a synonym for pneumonia but can also be applied to other types of infection including lung abscess and acute bronchitis. Symptoms include shortness of breath, weakness, fever, coughing and fatigue. [3]
The lower respiratory tract consists of the trachea (windpipe), bronchial tubes, bronchioles, and the lungs. [6] Lower respiratory tract infections (LRIs) are generally more severe than upper respiratory infections. LRIs are the leading cause of death among all infectious diseases. [7] The two most common LRIs are bronchitis and pneumonia. [8]
One of the most common causes is Staphylococcus aureus and often follows a recent viral upper respiratory infection. Bacterial tracheitis is a rare complication of influenza infection. [4] It is the most serious in young children, possibly because of the relatively small size of the trachea that gets easily blocked by swelling.
Pneumonia frequently starts as an upper respiratory tract infection that moves into the lower respiratory tract. [55] It is a type of pneumonitis (lung inflammation). [56] The normal flora of the upper airway give protection by competing with pathogens for nutrients.
[5] [6] [7] In necrotizing pneumonia, there is a substantial liquefaction following death of the lung tissue, which may lead to gangrene formation in the lung. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] In most cases patients with NP have fever , cough and bad breath , and those with more indolent infections have weight loss. [ 10 ]
Parents are being warned to look out for symptoms of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in their newborn babies as the NHS prepares for overcrowding this winter.. The infection causes mild, cold ...
respiratory distress syndrome; measles; meconium aspiration syndrome; metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection; necrotizing enterocolitis; neonatal conjunctivitis; parainfluenza (PIV) infection; pertussis; poliomyelitis; prenatal Listeria; Group B streptoccus infection; Tay–Sachs disease; tetanus; Ureaplasma urealyticum infection; respiratory ...
An upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis , pharyngitis , laryngitis , sinusitis , otitis media , and the common cold .