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  2. List of formulae involving π - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_formulae_involving_π

    where C is the circumference of a circle, d is the diameter, and r is the radius.More generally, = where L and w are, respectively, the perimeter and the width of any curve of constant width.

  3. List of mathematical constants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mathematical_constants

    The column headings may be clicked to sort the table alphabetically, by decimal value, or by set. ... Pi 3.14159 26535 89793 ... (x) on the interval [−1, 1] ...

  4. Approximations of π - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximations_of_π

    Approximations for the mathematical constant pi (π) in the history of mathematics reached an accuracy within 0.04% of the true value before the beginning of the Common Era. In Chinese mathematics , this was improved to approximations correct to what corresponds to about seven decimal digits by the 5th century.

  5. Pi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi

    The number π (/ p aɪ / ⓘ; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining π, to avoid relying on the definition of the length of a curve.

  6. Wallis product - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallis_product

    Wallis derived this infinite product using interpolation, though his method is not regarded as rigorous. A modern derivation can be found by examining ⁡ for even and odd values of , and noting that for large , increasing by 1 results in a change that becomes ever smaller as increases.

  7. Euler's identity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler's_identity

    is pi, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. Euler's identity is named after the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler . It is a special case of Euler's formula e i x = cos ⁡ x + i sin ⁡ x {\displaystyle e^{ix}=\cos x+i\sin x} when evaluated for x = π {\displaystyle x=\pi } .

  8. Exact trigonometric values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exact_trigonometric_values

    While trigonometric tables contain many approximate values, the exact values for certain angles can be expressed by a combination of arithmetic operations and square roots. The angles with trigonometric values that are expressible in this way are exactly those that can be constructed with a compass and straight edge , and the values are called ...

  9. Pi function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_function

    (Pi function) – the gamma function when offset to coincide with the factorial Rectangular function π ( n ) {\displaystyle \pi (n)\,\!} – the Pisano period