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The Koto-Piliang System and the Bodi-Caniago System developed differently. These systems formed their own governing system based on their ideologies. The Koto-Piliang are based on aristocracy while Bodi-Caniago are based on confederation. These clans' name are believed to have originated from Sanskrit.
The rumah gadang is built in one of two basic designs: koto piliang and bodi caniago. These forms reflect different two variations of Minangkabau social structure . The koto piliang design reflects an aristocratic and hierarchical social structure, with the house containing anjuang (raised floors) at each end to permit elevated seating of clan ...
Rail yard in Medan, June 1950. In Sumatra, railways were first used for military purposes, with a railway line connecting Banda Aceh and its port of Uleelhee in 1876. This railway, the Atjeh Staats Spoorwegen (ASS), first built to a 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge which was later regauged to 750 mm (2 ft 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) and extended south.
Provinces have a local government, consisting of a governor (Gubernur) and a regional legislative body (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Provinsi). The governor and members of local representative bodies are elected by popular vote for five-year terms, but governors can only serve for two terms.
Coinage of Raden Patah, possibly minted around 15th to 16th century, The coin is displayed at Sumatran Numismatic Museum in Medan. Obverse: سلطان دمق فقرن الفـَـاتح (Sultan Demak Pangeran al-Fatih (Raden Patah)), Reverse: محمد صل وسلم عليه (the Shalawat); both written in the perso-arabic script.
The city is located on Tarakan island (off the east coast of Kalimantan), which composed of 8,635 hectares (21,340 acres) of land. [5] 27.5% of the city is composed of podzol soil and 57.63% latosol soil. [5]
Fort van der Capellen 1822-1826. The town was known as Fort van der Capellen during colonial times when it was a Dutch outpost established during the Padri War (1821–37). The fort was built between 1822 and 1826 and named after the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, Godert van der Capellen.
Total population; c. 1.4 million Regions with significant populations; Indonesia (North Sulawesi, Jabodetabekpunjur, East Java, South Sulawesi, East Kalimantan ...