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Hospitaller Malta, known in Maltese history as the Knights' Period (Maltese: Żmien il-Kavallieri, [3] [4] lit. ' Time of the Knights ' ), was a de facto state which existed between 1530 and 1798 when the Mediterranean islands of Malta and Gozo were ruled by the Order of St. John of Jerusalem .
The Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM), officially the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta, [a] and commonly known as the Order of Malta or the Knights of Malta, is a Catholic lay religious order, traditionally of a military, chivalric, and noble nature. [4]
The Knights and the British both undertook to maintain the rights and privileges of the Maltese. [2] In the later nineteenth century the British government gave official recognition to several noble titles that had been created by the Grand Masters of the Knights of Malta and other fontes honorum. There were 29 title holders: nine marquises ...
Map of commandries of the Order of Saint John in 1300. The Order of Saint John (Knights of Malta, Knights Hospitaller) was organised in a system of commanderies during the high medieval to early modern periods, to some extent surviving as the organisational structure of the several descended orders that formed after the Reformation.
The Knights Hospitaller, like the other military orders, organized its fighting members into the ranks of knight and sergeant. [13] In 1130, Pope Innocent II gave the order its coat of arms , a plain silver cross in a field of red, to differentiate them from the Templars. [ 14 ]
Citizens of a country which was a full part of the British Empire or Commonwealth when they received the honour (i.e. who were British subjects at the time), were substantive knights or dames, not honorary. The knighthood does not become honorary, and the person may choose to use his or her title(s), after their country becomes a republic.
Expelled the Jesuits from Malta. In 1753 proclaimed the sovereignty of the Order on Malta and a dispute started with the Kingdom of Sicily under King Charles V. Normal relations were resumed the next year, with the Order retaining de facto control over Malta as a sovereign state. [15] 68/69 Prince and Grand Master Francisco Ximénez de Tejada
After a couple of years of moving from place to place in Europe, Emperor Charles V offered the Order possession of the islands of Malta and Gozo, and the port of Tripoli. The Order arrived in Malta on 26 October 1530 on a number of ships, including the San Giovanni, Santa Croce, San Filippo, and the flagship Santa Anna. [5]