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Spasmodic dysphonia, also known as laryngeal dystonia, is a disorder in which the muscles that generate a person's voice go into periods of spasm. [1] [2] This results in breaks or interruptions in the voice, often every few sentences, which can make a person difficult to understand. [1]
Laryngologists treat disorders of the larynx, including diseases that affects the voice, swallowing, or upper airway. Common conditions addressed by laryngologists include vocal fold nodules and cysts, laryngeal cancer, spasmodic dysphonia, laryngopharyngeal reflux, papillomas, and voice misuse/abuse/overuse syndromes.
Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder that results from a neurological injury. Neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and progressive supranuclear palsy frequently transpire in association with dysarthria. [6] Some stem from central damage, while other stem from peripheral nerve damage.
Cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis) muscles of the neck: Causes the head to rotate to one side, to pull down towards the chest, or back, or a combination of these postures. Blepharospasm: muscles around the eyes: The patient experiences rapid blinking of the eyes or even their forced closure causing functional blindness. Oculogyric crisis
Voice disorders can be divided into two broad categories: organic and functional. [9] The distinction between these broad classes stems from their cause, whereby organic dysphonia results from some sort of physiological change in one of the subsystems of speech (for voice, usually respiration, laryngeal anatomy, and/or other parts of the vocal tract are affected).
Spasmodic dysphonia; V. Videostroboscopy; Vocal cord cyst; Vocal cord paresis; Vocal cord nodule This page was last edited on 28 April 2022, at 05:50 (UTC). Text ...
Muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) was originally coined in 1983 by Morrison [2] and describes a dysphonia caused by increased muscle tension of the muscles surrounding the voice box: the laryngeal and paralaryngeal muscles. [3] MTD is a unifying diagnosis for a previously poorly categorized disease process.
Dysarthria is a speech sound disorder resulting from neurological injury of the motor component of the motor–speech system [1] and is characterized by poor articulation of phonemes. [2] It is a condition in which problems effectively occur with the muscles that help produce speech, often making it very difficult to pronounce words.