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Policy studies is a subdiscipline of political science that includes the analysis of the process of policymaking (the policy process) and the contents of policy (policy analysis). [1] Policy analysis includes substantive area research (such as health or education policy), program evaluation and impact studies, and policy design. [ 2 ]
Policy learning is the increased understanding that occurs when policymakers compare one set of policy problems to others within their own or in other jurisdictions.It can aid in understanding why a policy was implemented, the policy's effects, and how the policy could apply to the policymakers' jurisdiction. [1]
Public administration is both an academic discipline and a field of practice; the latter is depicted in this picture of U.S. federal public servants at a meeting.. Public administration, or public policy and administration refers to "the management of public programs", [1] or the "translation of politics into the reality that citizens see every day", [2] and also to the academic discipline ...
Dye himself admitted that his concept "discourages elaborate academic discussions of the definition of public policy - we say simply that public policy is whatever governments choose to do or not to do". [23] In an institutionalist view, the foundation of public policy is composed of national constitutional laws and regulations.
Political scientists may study political phenomena within one specific country. For example, they may study just the politics of the United States [13] or just the politics of China. [14] Political scientists look at a variety of data, including constitutions, elections, public opinion, and public policy, foreign policy, legislatures, and ...
Public economics (or economics of the public sector) is the study of government policy through the lens of economic efficiency and equity. Public economics builds on the theory of welfare economics and is ultimately used as a tool to improve social welfare. Welfare can be defined in terms of well-being, prosperity, and overall state of being.
Policy-makers are too short on time and other resources to make totally new policies; thus, past policies are accepted as having some legitimacy. When existing policies have sunk costs which discourage innovation, incrementalism is an easier approach than rationalism, and the policies are more politically expedient because they do not ...
Political philosophy, or political theory, is the philosophical study of government, addressing questions about the nature, scope, and legitimacy of public agents and institutions and the relationships between them.