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  2. Crankcase ventilation system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crankcase_ventilation_system

    The greater flow rate of intake air during these conditions means that a greater quantity of blow-by gases can be added to the intake system without compromising the operation of the engine. The opening of the PCV valve during these conditions also compensates for the intake system being less effective at drawing crankcase gases into the intake ...

  3. Manifold vacuum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifold_vacuum

    Manifold vacuum, or engine vacuum in a petrol engine is the difference in air pressure between the engine's intake manifold and Earth's atmosphere. Manifold vacuum is an effect of a piston's movement on the induction stroke and the airflow through a throttle in the intervening carburetor or throttle body leading to the intake manifold. It is a ...

  4. Scavenging (engine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scavenging_(engine)

    Scavenging is the process of replacing the exhaust gas in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine with the fresh air–fuel mixture (or fresh air, in the case of direct-injection engines) for the next cycle. If scavenging is incomplete, the remaining exhaust gases can cause improper combustion for the next cycle, leading to reduced power ...

  5. Oil catch tank - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_Catch_Tank

    There are two issues that can be caused by routing the crank breather into the intake system of an engine. The main issue is with the buildup of oil inside the intake piping and manifold. During the normal operation of an engine the excess blow-by and oil vapors from the crank case are allowed to enter the intake system. The oil mist cools and ...

  6. Valvetrain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valvetrain

    A valvetrain is a mechanical system that controls the operation of the intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine. [1] The intake valves control the flow of air/fuel mixture (or air alone for direct-injected engines) into the combustion chamber, while the exhaust valves control the flow of spent exhaust gases out of the ...

  7. Naturally aspirated engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturally_aspirated_engine

    Typical airflow in a four-stroke engine: In stroke #1, the pistons suck in (aspirate) air to the combustion chamber through the opened inlet valve.. A naturally aspirated engine, also known as a normally aspirated engine, and abbreviated to N/A or NA, is an internal combustion engine in which air intake depends solely on atmospheric pressure and does not have forced induction through a ...

  8. Choke valve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choke_valve

    Choke valves are important for naturally-aspirated gasoline engines because small droplets of gasoline do not evaporate well within a cold engine. By restricting the flow of air into the throat of the carburetor, the choke valve reduces the pressure inside the throat, which causes a proportionally greater amount of fuel to be pushed from the ...

  9. Swirl flap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swirl_flap

    Swirl flap principle in a four-valve engine. A swirl flap is a small butterfly valve fitted to four-stroke internal combustion engines with at least two intake valves.It is installed inside or just before one of a cylinder's two intake ports, allowing to throttle its intake port's air flow, causing a swirl in the other intake port not fitted with a swirl flap.