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  2. Keystone effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keystone_effect

    The keystone effect is the apparent distortion of an image caused by projecting it onto an angled surface. It is the distortion of the image dimensions, such as making a square look like a trapezoid, the shape of an architectural keystone, hence the name of the feature.

  3. Perspective distortion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective_distortion

    For example, if standing at a distance so that a normal lens captures someone's face, a shot with a wide-angle lens or telephoto lens from the same distance will have exactly the same linear perspective geometry on the face, though the wide-angle lens may fit the entire body into the shot, while the telephoto lens captures only the nose.

  4. Skew arch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skew_arch

    Colorado Street Bridge, an example of a false skew arch. The strength of a regular arch (also known as a "square" or "right" arch) comes from the fact that the mass of the structure and its superincumbent load cause lines of force that are carried by the stones into the ground and the abutments without producing any tendency for the stones to slide with respect to one another.

  5. Etendue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etendue

    Etendue for a differential surface element in 2D (left) and 3D (right).. An infinitesimal surface element, dS, with normal n S is immersed in a medium of refractive index n.The surface is crossed by (or emits) light confined to a solid angle, dΩ, at an angle θ with the normal n S.

  6. Talk:Skew arch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Skew_arch

    8 Adie's logarithmic bridge. 2 comments. 9 Assessment comment. 1 comment. 10 Advantages of skew arches? 2 comments. Toggle the table of contents ...

  7. Skewness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skewness

    Bowley's measure of skewness is γ(u) evaluated at u = 3/4 while Kelly's measure of skewness is γ(u) evaluated at u = 9/10. This definition leads to a corresponding overall measure of skewness [23] defined as the supremum of this over the range 1/2 ≤ u < 1. Another measure can be obtained by integrating the numerator and denominator of this ...

  8. Skew coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skew_coordinates

    A system of skew coordinates is a curvilinear coordinate system where the coordinate surfaces are not orthogonal, [1] in contrast to orthogonal coordinates.. Skew coordinates tend to be more complicated to work with compared to orthogonal coordinates since the metric tensor will have nonzero off-diagonal components, preventing many simplifications in formulas for tensor algebra and tensor ...

  9. Kielder Viaduct - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kielder_Viaduct

    The arches are constructed at a skewed angle and the stones are laid along helical courses, according to a set of principles attributed to architect and mathematician Peter Nicholson. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] The railway company had hoped to tap the coal traffic from Plashetts colliery that opened nearby in the 1850s but this proved disappointing, although ...