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The femtometre (SI symbol: fm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 −15 metres. In particle physics, this unit is sometimes called a fermi, also with abbreviation "fm". To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10 −15 meters and 10 −14 meters (1 femtometer and 10 fm).
Differences in order of magnitude can be measured on a base-10 logarithmic scale in "decades" (i.e., factors of ten). [2] For example, there is one order of magnitude between 2 and 20, and two orders of magnitude between 2 and 200. Each division or multiplication by 10 is called an order of magnitude. [3]
The oldest known multiplication tables were used by the Babylonians about 4000 years ago. [2] However, they used a base of 60. [2] The oldest known tables using a base of 10 are the Chinese decimal multiplication table on bamboo strips dating to about 305 BC, during China's Warring States period. [2] "Table of Pythagoras" on Napier's bones [3]
The carry step of the multiplication can be performed at the final stage of the calculation (in bold), returning the final product of 45 × 256 = 11520. This is a variant of Lattice multiplication . The modern method of multiplication based on the Hindu–Arabic numeral system was first described by Brahmagupta .
Multiply both sides by the power of 10 just great enough (in this case 10 4) to move the decimal point just before the repeating part of the decimal number: 10,000x = 1,523. 987; Multiply both sides by the power of 10 (in this case 10 3) that is the same as the number of places that repeat: 10,000,000x = 1,523,987. 987
Multiplication is a mathematical operation of repeated addition. When two numbers are multiplied, the resulting value is a product. The numbers being multiplied are multiplicands, multipliers, or factors. Multiplication can be expressed as "five times three equals fifteen," "five times three is fifteen," or "fifteen is the product of five and ...
For example, 3 5 = 3 · 3 · 3 · 3 · 3 = 243. The base 3 appears 5 times in the multiplication, because the exponent is 5. Here, 243 is the 5th power of 3, or 3 raised to the 5th power. The word "raised" is usually omitted, and sometimes "power" as well, so 3 5 can be simply read "3 to the 5th", or "3 to the 5".
A foe is a unit of energy equal to 10 44 joules (≈9.478 × 10 40 BTU) that was invented by physicist Gerry Brown of Stony Brook University. To measure the staggeringly immense amount of energy produced by a supernova, specialists occasionally use the "foe", an acronym derived from the phrase [ten to the power of] fifty-one ergs, or 10 51 ergs ...