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According to Diogenes Laërtius, Heraclitus deposited the book in the Artemision – one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World – as a dedication. [a] Classicist Charles Kahn states: "Down to the time of Plutarch and Clement, if not later, the little book of Heraclitus was available in its original form to any reader who chose to seek it out."
Heraclitus (Greek: Ἡράκλειτος; fl. 1st century AD) was a grammarian and rhetorician, who wrote a Greek commentary on Homer which is still extant. Little is known about Heraclitus. It is generally accepted that he lived sometime around the 1st century AD. [ 1 ]
Heraclitus (Greek: Ἡράκλειτος, romanized: Hērakleitos; fl. c. AD 190–200) was a Christian Biblical scholar and bishop of the late 2nd century. [1]According to Eusebius, and Jerome in De viris illustribus, Heraclitus wrote commentaries on the Acts of the Apostles and/or the Epistles, [a] during the reigns of Commodus and Septimius Severus.
Stoic philosopher and follower of Persaeus of Citium Chrysippus (of Soli) (c. 280–c. 206 BC) Third leader of the Stoic school. Wrote 705 books Dioscorides (Stoic) (fl. 225 BC) Pupil of Chrysippus. Father of Zeno of Tarsus: Aristocreon (fl. 210 BC) Nephew of Chrysippus: 2nd Century BC: Zeno of Tarsus (fl. 200 BC) Fourth leader of the Stoic school
The most famous fragment [3] describes Stoic cosmopolitanism through the use of concentric circles in regard to oikeiôsis. Hierocles describes individuals as consisting of a series of circles: the first circle is the human mind, next comes the immediate family, followed by the extended family, and then the local community.
Stoic physics refers to the natural philosophy of the Stoic philosophers of ancient Greece and Rome which they used to explain the natural processes at work in the universe. To the Stoics, the cosmos is a single pantheistic god, one which is rational and creative, and which is the basis of everything which exists.
Following Heraclitus, Zeno adopted the view that the universe underwent regular cycles of formation and destruction. [ 58 ] The nature of the universe is such that it accomplishes what is right and prevents the opposite, [ 59 ] and is identified with unconditional Fate , [ 60 ] while allowing it the free-will attributed to it. [ 52 ]
Stoicism begins and ends by relating the modern revival of Stoicism as embodied by Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius. [1] It covers the history of the school and its doctrines in what it classified as the three areas of philosophy: physics , ethics and logic .