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Lymphoproliferative disorders are a set of disorders characterized by the abnormal proliferation of lymphocytes into a monoclonal lymphocytosis.The two major types of lymphocytes are B cells and T cells, which are derived from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow.
Lymphoma is a group of blood and lymph tumors that develop from lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). [7] The name typically refers to just the cancerous versions rather than all such tumours. [7] Signs and symptoms may include enlarged lymph nodes, fever, drenching sweats, unintended weight loss, itching, and constantly feeling tired.
It mainly affects older adults, and affects men and women almost equally. [4] White people have higher incidence rates than black and Asian people, [5] but the cause of these disparities is poorly understood. [5] Indolent lymphoma is usually considered incurable without the use of allogeneic stem cell transplantation, unless the disease is ...
Hodgkin lymphoma must be distinguished from noncancerous causes of lymph node swelling (such as various infections) and from other types of cancer. Definitive diagnosis is by lymph node biopsy (usually excisional biopsy with microscopic examination). Blood tests are also performed to assess function of major organs and safety for chemotherapy. [22]
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by an aggressive malignant neoplasm of the bone marrow. [6] Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a condition, wherein immature white blood cells accumulate in the bone marrow and crowd out normal white blood cells. [7]
Aggressive lymphoma, also known as high-grade lymphoma, is a group of fast growing non-Hodgkin lymphoma. [1]There are several subtypes of aggressive lymphoma. These include AIDS-associated lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma. [1]
Burkitt lymphoma is a very aggressive cancer, which can quickly metastasize and spread throughout the body if the cancer is not treated quickly. If the patient is left untreated, or if treatment is initiated too late, Burkitt lymphoma can be fatal. [4] Burkitt lymphoma in children often has a better prognosis than the same cancer in an adult.
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a fast-growing form of mature T-cell lymphoma, accounting for 18.5% of patients. [9] It is characterised by systemic disorders, polymorphous lymphoid infiltrate and a significant increase in proliferation of follicular dendritic cells and high endothelial venules. [10]