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A multimodal interface provides several distinct tools for input and output of data. Multimodal human-computer interaction involves natural communication with virtual and physical environments. It facilitates free and natural communication between users and automated systems, allowing flexible input (speech, handwriting, gestures) and output ...
The Multimodal Architecture and Interfaces specification is based on the MVC design pattern, that proposes to organize the user interface structure in three parts: the Model, the View and the Controller. [3] This design pattern is also shown by the Data-Flow-Presentation architecture from the Voice Browser Working Group. [4]
In the context of human–computer interaction, a modality is the classification of a single independent channel of input/output between a computer and a human. Such channels may differ based on sensory nature (e.g., visual vs. auditory), [1] or other significant differences in processing (e.g., text vs. image). [2]
Reactable, an electronic musical instrument example of tangible user interface SandScape device installed in the Children's Creativity Museum in San Francisco. A tangible user interface (TUI) is a user interface in which a person interacts with digital information through the physical environment. The initial name was Graspable User Interface ...
In his book The Humane Interface, Jef Raskin defines modality as follows: "An human-machine interface is modal with respect to a given gesture when (1) the current state of the interface is not the user's locus of attention and (2) the interface will execute one among several different responses to the gesture, depending on the system's current state."
In software engineering, the adapter pattern is a software design pattern (also known as wrapper, an alternative naming shared with the decorator pattern) that allows the interface of an existing class to be used as another interface. [1]
Multimodality can be used particularly for meaning construction, for example in institutional theory, multimodal compositions can enhance the perceived validity of particular narratives. [76] Multimodal methods may also be used to deinstitutionalize unsustainable parts of an institution in order to sustain the institution. [ 77 ]
Perhaps the first substantive example of a two-modal logic is Arthur Prior's tense logic, with two modalities, F and P, corresponding to "sometime in the future" and "sometime in the past". A logic [1] with infinitely many modalities is dynamic logic, introduced by Vaughan Pratt in 1976 and having a separate modal operator for every regular ...