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Continuously varied JPEG compression (between Q=100 and Q=1) for an abdominal CT scan. JPEG (/ ˈ dʒ eɪ p ɛ ɡ / JAY-peg, short for Joint Photographic Experts Group and sometimes retroactively referred to as JPEG 1) [2] [3] is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography.
Quantization, involved in image processing, is a lossy compression technique achieved by compressing a range of values to a single quantum (discrete) value. When the number of discrete symbols in a given stream is reduced, the stream becomes more compressible.
Image scaling can be interpreted as a form of image resampling or image reconstruction from the view of the Nyquist sampling theorem.According to the theorem, downsampling to a smaller image from a higher-resolution original can only be carried out after applying a suitable 2D anti-aliasing filter to prevent aliasing artifacts.
Original image to be made narrower Scaling is undesirable because the castle is distorted. Cropping is undesirable because part of the castle is removed. Seam carving. Seam carving (or liquid rescaling) is an algorithm for content-aware image resizing, developed by Shai Avidan, of Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL), and Ariel Shamir, of the Interdisciplinary Center and MERL.
The JPEG filename extension is JPG or JPEG. Nearly every digital camera can save images in the JPEG format, which supports eight-bit grayscale images and 24-bit color images (eight bits each for red, green, and blue). JPEG applies lossy compression to images, which can result in a significant reduction of the file size.
The JPEG and PNG image formats are capable of storing 16.7 million colors (equal to 256 luminance values per color channel). In addition, grayscale images of 8 bits or less can be created, usually via conversion and down-sampling from a full-color image.
The JPEG implementation of the Independent JPEG Group (IJG) was first publicly released on 7 October 1991 and has been considerably developed since that time. The development was initially mainly done by Tom Lane. The open-source implementation of the IJG was one of the major open-source packages and was key to the success of the JPEG standard ...
Typically, compressions using lossless operation mode can achieve around 2:1 compression ratio for color images. [5] This mode is quite popular in the medical imaging field, and defined as an option in DNG standard, but otherwise it is not very widely used because of complexity of doing arithmetics on 10, 12, or 14bpp values on typical embedded 32-bit processor and a little resulting gain in ...