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The programming language Lisp is the second-oldest high-level programming language with direct descendants and closely related dialects still in widespread use today. The language Fortran is older by one year. [1] [2] Lisp, like Fortran, has changed a lot since its early days, and many dialects have existed over its history.
Scheme is a dialect of the Lisp family of programming languages.Scheme was created during the 1970s at the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (MIT CSAIL) and released by its developers, Guy L. Steele and Gerald Jay Sussman, via a series of memos now known as the Lambda Papers.
many dialects have existed over its history. Today, the best-known general-purpose Lisp dialects are Common Lisp, Scheme, Racket, and Clojure.[6][7][8] Lisp was originally created as a practical mathematical notation for computer programs, influenced by (though not originally derived from)[9] the notation of Alonzo Church's lambda calculus.
There are several new dialects of Lisp: Arc, Hy, Nu, Liskell, and LFE (Lisp Flavored Erlang). The parser for Julia is implemented in Femtolisp, a dialect of Scheme (Julia is inspired by Scheme, which in turn is a Lisp dialect). In October 2019, Paul Graham released a specification for Bel, "a new dialect of Lisp."
Wadler criticized in particular the lack of pattern matching, obscuring equational reasoning and making the teaching of proofs harder; the lack of algebraic data types in Scheme and the over-reliance on cons pairs for both code and data representation, which can confuse beginning students; and the choice of strict instead of lazy evaluation as ...
T's purpose is to test the thesis developed by Guy L. Steele Jr. and Gerald Jay Sussman in their series of papers about Scheme: that Scheme may be used as the basis for a practical programming language of exceptional expressive power, and that implementations of Scheme could perform better than other Lisp systems, and competitively with implementations of programming languages, such as C and ...
Scheme was the first dialect of Lisp to choose lexical scope. It was also one of the first programming languages after Reynold's Definitional Language [15] to support first-class continuations. It had a large impact on the effort that led to the development of its sister-language, Common Lisp, to which Guy Steele was a contributor. [16]
Chez Scheme is a programming language, a dialect and implementation of the language Scheme which is a type of Lisp. It uses an incremental native-code compiler to produce native binary files for the x86 ( IA-32 , x86-64 ), PowerPC , SPARC , and AArch64 processor architectures.