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The Thirtieth of September Movement (Indonesian: Gerakan 30 September, also known as G30S, and by the syllabic abbreviation Gestapu for Gerakan September Tiga Puluh, Thirtieth of September Movement, also unofficially called Gestok, for Gerakan Satu Oktober, or First of October Movement) was a self-proclaimed organization of Indonesian National Armed Forces members.
The well down which the generals' bodies were dumped, 2013. Pengkhianatan G30S/PKI was based on the version of the story endorsed by Suharto's New Order government, in which the 30 September Movement (Gerakan 30 September, or G30S) coup was allegedly orchestrated by the Communist Party of Indonesia (Partai Komunis Indonesia, or PKI).
A film supporting the New Order's version of events, Pengkhianatan G30S/PKI (Betrayal by the Communist Party of Indonesia) was broadcast annually on the government television station TVRI every 30 September. This version was the only one allowed in open discourse in the country. [187]
The PKI rejected Maphilindo; party militants entered Malaysian Borneo, fighting the British, Malaysian, Australian, and New Zealand forces there. Although some groups reached the Malay Peninsula, planning to join the struggle there, most were captured on arrival. Most PKI combat units were active in the border regions of Borneo.
[35] [36] Bradley Simpson, Director of the Indonesia/East Timor Documentation Project at the National Security Archive, says "Washington did everything in its power to encourage and facilitate the army-led massacre of alleged PKI members, and U.S. officials worried only that the killing of the party's unarmed supporters might not go far enough ...
When the PKI supported unilateral land seizures, local PNI members attacked the PKI. [30] Hadisubeno Sosrowerdojo, the final PNI chairman. On 30 September 1965, a coup attempt took place that was subsequently blamed on the PKI. In the aftermath of this, the PNI, which was seen as a PKI-collaborator, faced strong pressure from the army to purge ...
[citation needed] The 1984 film Pengkhianatan G30S/PKI further strengthens this stigma. In 2024, Alvino Kusumabrata considered two of his books Lahirnja PKI dan Perkembangannja (1955) and Masjarakat Indonesia dan Revolusi Indonesia (1957) as the best book about views of communism that are not contaminated by the narrative of the New Order. [30]
The Special Bureau was a largely underground arm of the Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI), the Communist Party of Indonesia, that operated around the time of the 30 September Movement. Although it is unknown exactly who led the coup attempt against President Sukarno, many relevant individuals and facts [ 1 ] support the hypothesis that the PKI ...