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O-rings are available in various metric and inch standard sizes. Sizes are specified by the inside diameter and the cross section diameter (thickness). In the US the most common standard inch sizes are per SAE AS568C specification (e.g. AS568-214). ISO 3601-1:2012 contains the most commonly used standard sizes, both inch and metric, worldwide.
Standard sizes are indicated by the nominal inner diameter in millimeters for flanges 10 through 50 mm in diameter. [2] Sizes 10, 20 and 32 are less common sizes (see Renard numbers ). Some sizes share their flange dimensions with their respective larger neighbor and use the same clamp size.
In the United States, Canada, and Mexico, ring sizes are specified using a numerical scale with 1 ⁄ 4 steps, where whole sizes differ by 0.032 inches (0.81 mm) of internal diameter, equivalent to 0.1005 inches (2.55 mm) of internal circumference.
Parallel thread can be tightened sufficiently to form a good seal with the O-ring without lubrication, which is an advantage when the lubricant may react with the O-ring or the contents. Repeated secure installations are possible with different combinations of valve and cylinder provided they have compatible thread and correct O-ring seals.
Below is a comprehensive drill and tap size chart for all drills and taps: Inch, imperial, and metric, up to 36.5 millimetres (1.44 in) in diameter. In manufactured parts, holes with female screw threads are often needed; they accept male screws to facilitate the building and fastening of a finished assembly.
For example, British Standard BS 328 defines 230 sizes from 0.2 mm to 25.0 mm. From 0.2 through 0.98 mm, sizes are defined as follows, where N is an integer from 2 through 9: N · 0.1 mm; N · 0.1 + 0.02 mm; N · 0.1 + 0.05 mm; N · 0.1 + 0.08 mm; From 1.0 through 2.95 mm, sizes are defined as follows, where N is an integer from 10 through 29:
Module is the pitch circle diameter divided by the number of teeth. Module may also be applied to UK system gears, using inch units, but this usage is not in common use. Module is commonly expressed in units of millimeters (mm). MM = Metric Module PD = Pitch Circle Diameter in mm n = Number of Teeth MM = PD / n
Both the seal ring and mating must accommodate secondary sealing elements. In some designs, various retainers, sleeves and other components may also include secondary sealing elements. Whereas a simple O-ring might require only a groove for fitting, some secondary sealing elements (for example, packing) might require mechanical compression.
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