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Dengue has increased in incidence in recent decades, with WHO recording a ten fold increase between 2010 and 2019 (from 500,000 to 5 million recorded cases). [1] This increase is tied closely to the increasing range of Aedes mosquitoes, which is attributed to a combination of urbanization, population growth, and an increasingly warm climate.
In Latin America, 2019 was a record-setting dengue fever outbreak, with more than 2.7 million cases and 1206 deaths during the first 10 months of 2019. [25] [26] As of 2023, cases and Deaths of dengue fever reached up to 3 million cases and 1302 deaths.
Dengue virus (DENV) is the cause of dengue fever.It is a mosquito-borne, single positive-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae; genus Flavivirus. [1] [2] Four serotypes of the virus have been found, and a reported fifth has yet to be confirmed, [3] [4] [5] all of which can cause the full spectrum of disease. [1]
Most dengue fever patients recover in a week, but in severe cases the disease can be life-threatening and require hospitalization since it can result in shock, internal bleeding and even death.
A dengue epidemic has been declared in the Philippines after 600 dead and over 150,000 cases reported. [107] In the summer of 2019 an outbreak was confirmed in Oceania. 276 cases and one death were reported in the Marshall Islands, resulting in the government halting travel between the urban centers of Ebeye and Majuro to the outer islands. [108]
The Cook Islands Dengue Fever Outbreak refers to the Dengue fever outbreak in the Cook Islands beginning sometime in January 2019, [1] declared an outbreak after seven cases were detected with varying stages. The Ministry of Health stated one case was allegedly from French Polynesia.
Over the last twenty years, there has been a geographic spread of the disease. Dengue incidence rates have risen sharply within urban areas which have recently become endemic hot spots for the disease. [61] The recent spread of Dengue can also be attributed to rapid population growth, increased coagulation in urban areas, and global travel.
The 2019 dengue outbreak in Bangladesh is a nationwide occurrence of dengue fever in Bangladesh that began primarily in April 2019 and is still ongoing. According to Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), 14 people have died and 19,513 people have been affected as of 1 August 2019, [2] majority of whom are children. [3]