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Freeze-cast alumina that has been partially sintered. The freezing direction in the image is up. Freeze-casting, also frequently referred to as ice-templating, freeze casting, or freeze alignment, is a technique that exploits the highly anisotropic solidification behavior of a solvent (generally water) in a well-dispersed solution or slurry to controllably template directionally porous ...
In metallurgy, cold forming or cold working is any metalworking process in which metal is shaped below its recrystallization temperature, usually at the ambient temperature.. Such processes are contrasted with hot working techniques like hot rolling, forging, welding, etc. [1]: p.375 The same or similar terms are used in glassmaking for the equivalents; for example cut glass is made by "cold ...
Directional solidification is solidification that occurs from farthest end of the casting and works its way towards the sprue. Progressive solidification, also known as parallel solidification , [ 1 ] is solidification that starts at the walls of the casting and progresses perpendicularly from that surface.
Lost-foam casting – Type of evaporative-pattern casting process; Lost-wax casting – Process by which a duplicate metal sculpture is cast from an original sculpture; Molding (process) – Shaping a liquid or plastic material by making it conform to a more rigid mold; Plaster casting (process) [18] – Sand casting process with use of plaster ...
The drawing ratio is roughly calculated as, DR = Db/Dp. Db is the diameter of the blank and Dp is the diameter of the punch. For shapes that are noncircular the maximum diameter is sometimes used, or occasionally drawing ratio is calculated using surface areas. The limit to the drawing ratio for an operation is usually 2 or under . [4]
Plastic drawing, sometimes referred to as cold drawing, is the same process as used on metal bars, applied to plastics. [8] Plastic drawing is primarily used in manufacturing plastic fibers. The process was discovered by Julian W. Hill in 1930 while trying to make fibers from an early polyester. [9]
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Permanent mold casting is a metal casting process that employs reusable molds ("permanent molds"), usually made from metal. The most common process uses gravity to fill the mold. However, gas pressure or a vacuum are also used. A variation on the typical gravity casting process, called slush casting, produces hollow castings.