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The atrophied thyroid tissue will return to regular production of thyroid hormone which avoids the risk of iatrogenic hypothyroidism with other treatment options. [2] In one study after 4 years 84% of cats were euthyroid and 4% were hypothyroid. [6] Thyroid carcinomata are uncommon but difficult to diagnose and require higher dosage to treat.
About 70% of affected cats also have enlarged thyroid glands . 10% of cats exhibit "apathetic hyperthyroidism", which is characterized by anorexia and lethargy. [65] The same three treatments used with humans are also options in treating feline hyperthyroidism (surgery, radioiodine treatment, and anti-thyroid drugs).
Cats living in a smoker's household are three times more likely to develop lymphoma. [20] Compared to living in a smoke-free environment, cats exposed to passive smoking also have a greater chance of developing squamous cell carcinoma or mouth cancer. Cancer risk also arises from the cat's grooming habits.
The onset of anti-thyroid effect is rapid but the onset of clinical effects on thyroid hormone levels in the blood is much slower. This is because the large store of pre-formed T 3 and T 4 in the thyroid gland and bound to thyroid binding globulin (99% bound) has to be depleted before any beneficial clinical effect occurs.
As the free amount reflects the amount available to body tissues, the most treatment-relevant measures for thyroid disorders are Free T 3 and Free T 4. [68] Typically, Free T 4 is the preferred test for hypothyroidism, [ 69 ] as Free T 3 immunoassay tests are less reliable at detecting low levels of thyroid hormone, [ 70 ] and they are more ...
Measurement of thyroid stimulating hormone and anti-thyroid antibodies will help decide if there is a functional thyroid disease such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis present, a known cause of a benign nodular goitre. [4] Fine needle biopsy for cytopathology is also used. [5] [6] [7] Thyroid nodules are extremely common in young adults and children.
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At the cellular level, T 3 is the body's more active and potent thyroid hormone. [2] T 3 helps deliver oxygen and energy to all of the body's cells, its effects on target tissues being roughly four times more potent than those of T 4. [2] Of the thyroid hormone that is produced, just about 20% is T 3, whereas 80% is produced as T 4.