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The Avogadro constant, commonly denoted N A [1] or L, [2] is an SI defining constant with an exact value of 6.022 140 76 × 10 23 mol −1 (reciprocal moles). [3] [4] It is this defined number of constituent particles (usually molecules, atoms, ions, or ion pairs—in general, entities) per mole and used as a normalization factor in relating the amount of substance, n(X), in a sample of a ...
Avogadro: Yes Yes Yes No No No I No No Molecule building, editing (peptides, small molecules, crystals), conformational analysis, 2D/3D conversion; extensible interfaces to other tools Free open source GNU GPL: Avogadro: BOSS: No No Yes No Yes No Yes No No OPLS: Proprietary: Yale University: CHARMM: No Yes Yes Yes Yes I I Yes Yes
Space-filling model of loratadine created using Avogadro. Molecule builder-editor for Windows, Linux, Unix, and macOS. All source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2. Supported languages include: Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish, and Polish. Supports multi-threaded rendering and ...
The primary difference between a computer algebra system and a traditional calculator is the ability to deal with equations symbolically rather than numerically. The precise uses and capabilities of these systems differ greatly from one system to another, yet their purpose remains the same: manipulation of symbolic equations.
Avogadro's law (sometimes referred to as Avogadro's hypothesis or Avogadro's principle) or Avogadro-Ampère's hypothesis is an experimental gas law relating the volume of a gas to the amount of substance of gas present. [1] The law is a specific case of the ideal gas law. A modern statement is:
Note that = /, where is the volume, and = /, where is the number of moles, is the number of particles, and is the Avogadro constant. These definitions apply to all equations of state below as well. Proposed in 1873, the van der Waals equation of state was one of the first to perform markedly better than the ideal gas law. In this equation ...
Therefore, the kinetic energy per kelvin of one mole of monatomic ideal gas (D = 3) is = =, where is the Avogadro constant, and R is the ideal gas constant. Thus, the ratio of the kinetic energy to the absolute temperature of an ideal monatomic gas can be calculated easily:
Mac OS calculator: Proprietary: macOS: Double (64 bit) Yes Yes Yes GNOME Calculator: GPL-3.0-or-later: Linux, BSDs, macOS: Arbitrary decimal Yes Yes Yes KCalc: GPL-2.0-or-later: Linux, BSDs, macOS: Arbitrary decimal Yes Yes Yes Windows Calculator: MIT: Windows: ≥32 decimal Yes Yes Yes WRPN Calculator: Public domain: Windows, Linux, macOS ...