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Novolin is the brand name of three distinct insulin-containing products [1] manufactured by Novo Nordisk: [2] Novolin 70/30, an insulin preparation containing mixed NPH and regular insulin, respectively
Other side effects may include pain or skin changes at the sites of injection, low blood potassium, and allergic reactions. [3] Use during pregnancy is relatively safe for the fetus. [3] NPH insulin is made by mixing regular insulin and protamine in exact proportions with zinc and phenol such that a neutral-pH is maintained and crystals form. [1]
The advantage of NPH is its low cost, the fact that you can mix it with short-acting forms of insulin, thereby minimizing the number of injections that must be administered, and that the activity of NPH will peak 4–6 hours after administration, allowing a bedtime dose to balance the tendency of glucose to rise with the dawn, along with a ...
Regular insulin, also known as neutral insulin and soluble insulin, is a type of short-acting medical insulin. [2] It is used to treat type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, and complications of diabetes such as diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic states. [5]
Maximum effect occurs after about 1–3 hours and lasts for 3–5 hours. [17] Generally a longer-acting insulin like insulin NPH is also needed. [17] Common side effects include low blood sugar, allergic reactions, itchiness, and pain at the site of injection. [17] Other serious side effects may include low blood potassium. [17]
A 2007 Cochrane review of prolotherapy in adults with chronic low-back pain found unclear evidence of effect. [5] A 2009 review concluded the same for subacute low back pain. [6] A 2015 review found consistent evidence that it does not help in low back pain. [4] There was tentative evidence of benefit when used with other low back pain treatments.
The corporation was created in 1989, through a merger of two Danish companies, which date back to the 1920s. The Novo Nordisk logo is the Apis bull, one of the sacred animals of ancient Egypt, denoted by the hieroglyph 𓃒. Novo Nordisk is a full member of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA). [8]
Acute use (1–3 days) yields a potency about 1.5× stronger than that of morphine and chronic use (7 days+) yields a potency about 2.5 to 5× that of morphine. Similarly, the effect of tramadol increases after consecutive dosing due to the accumulation of its active metabolite and an increase of the oral bioavailability in chronic use.