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A hot-rolled HSS-box section cut open with a bandsaw, demonstrating residual stress. A hollow structural section (HSS) is a type of metal profile with a hollow cross section. The term is used predominantly in the United States, or other countries which follow US construction or engineering terminology.
The old Britannia Bridge with train track inside the box-girder tunnel Section of the original tubular Britannia Bridge The patent curved and tapered box girder jib of a Fairbairn steam crane. A box girder or tubular girder (or box beam) is a girder that forms an enclosed tube with multiple walls, as opposed to an Ɪ-or H-beam.
The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with Europe and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate.
Single box girder bridge , flyover above eastern approach of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge. A box girder bridge, or box section bridge, is a bridge in which the main beams comprise girders in the shape of a hollow box. The box girder normally comprises prestressed concrete, structural steel, or a composite of steel and reinforced concrete.
Block rail is a lower profile form of girder guard rail with the web eliminated. In profile it is more like a solid form of bridge rail, with a flangeway and guard added. Simply removing the web and combining the head section directly with the foot section would result in a weak rail, so additional thickness is required in the combined section ...
MOROP (the European federation of national model railway associations) is a European organisation which publishes NEM-standards.NEM-standards are used by model railway industry and hobbyists in Europe.
ASTM A500 is a standard specification published by the ASTM for cold-formed welded and seamless carbon steel structural tubing in round, square, and rectangular shapes. It is commonly specified in the US for hollow structural sections, but the more stringent CSA G40.21 is preferred in Canada.
The axle load of a wheeled vehicle is the total weight bearing on the roadway for all wheels connected to a given axle.Axle load is an important design consideration in the engineering of roadways and railways, as both are designed to tolerate a maximum weight-per-axle (axle load); exceeding the maximum rated axle load will cause damage to the roadway or railway tracks.