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The link between the Lewis blood group and secretion of the ABO blood group antigens was possibly the first example of multiple effects of a human gene: [1] the same enzyme (fucosyltransferase2) which converts the Le-a antigen to Le-b is also responsible for the presence of soluble A, B and H antigens in bodily fluids.
It encodes an enzyme with both alpha(1,3)-fucosyltransferase and alpha(1,4)-fucosyltransferase activities. Mutations in this gene are responsible for most Lewis antigen-negative phenotypes. Multiple alternatively spliced variants encoding the same protein have been identified for this gene. [5]
Most of these markers are proteins, but some are carbohydrates attached to lipids or proteins [Reid M.E., Lomas-Francis C. The Blood Group Antigen FactsBook Academic Press, London / San Diego, (1997)]. Galactoside 3(4)-L-fucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.65) belongs to the Lewis blood group system and is associated with Le(a/b) antigen.
There are two major antigens in the Lewis system: Le(a) and Le(b). Individuals who are negative for Le express neither antigen and their blood type is designated as Le(a-b-). In individuals who are positive for Le, the blood type is determined by the person's secretor status. The Le gene encodes a glycosyltransferase that produces the Le(a ...
Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), also known as sialyl-Lewis A, is a tetrasaccharide which is usually attached to O-glycans on the surface of cells. It is known to play a role in cell-to-cell recognition processes. It is also a tumor marker used primarily in the management of pancreatic cancer. [1]
American track legend Carl Lewis, who has long been calling for a coaching overhaul on the men's side, took to social media to condemn the program's repeated failure to meet the moment.
The immune system is involved in many aspects of physiological regulation in the body. The immune system interacts intimately with other systems, such as the endocrine [83] [84] and the nervous [85] [86] [87] systems. The immune system also plays a crucial role in embryogenesis (development of the embryo), as well as in tissue repair and ...
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