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Power factor (PF) in practical shooting competitions refers to a ranking system used to reward cartridges with more recoil. Power factor is a measure of the momentum of the bullet (scaled product of the bullet's mass and velocity), which to some degree reflects the recoil impulse from the firearm onto the shooter (see section on limitations).
Competitors may declare major scoring with a 9 mm (.354") or larger bullet, and the most popular cartridges in the Open division are the .38 Super and 9×19mm handloaded to major power factor. For a while USPSA de facto (but not by rule) prohibited 9×19mm from scoring major power factor in the Open Division due to too high pressures, but 9× ...
9mm Major is a wildcat cartridge of the 9mm Luger specifically for competition pistols designed to handle very high pressure. It is used in practical shooting competitions like International Practical Shooting Confederation (IPSC) and United States Practical Shooting Association (USPSA) to achieve a "Major" power factor, which earns more points for hits in specific zones on paper targets ...
Practical shooting, also known as dynamic shooting or action shooting, is a set of shooting sports in which the competitors try to unite the three principles of precision, power, and speed, by using a firearm of a certain minimum power factor to score as many points as possible during the shortest time (or sometimes within a set maximum time).
Minimum caliber for minor scoring is 9×19mm loaded to a power factor of 125 kgr·ft/s while minimum caliber for major scoring is a 10mm (.40") cartridge loaded to a power factor of 170 kgr·ft/s, making for an interesting choice between minor and major scoring taken in mind the differences in recoil, magazine capacity and scoring points.
Min Power Factor (kgr·ft/s) Max Weight (oz) Max Barrel (in) Max Dimensions (in) Division Capacity Other Firearm Restrictions Notes Stock Service Pistol SSP Semi-automatic ≥ 9mm Parabellum: 125 43.00 N/A 8.75 × 6 × 1.625 15 (+1) DAO, DA/SA, or striker-fired At least 20,000 produced or 2,000 per year Minimal modifications from stock
The USPSA Handgun Championships are yearly championships held by the United States Practical Shooting Association (USPSA) run under USPSA-rules (contrary to the IPSC US Handgun Championship). Sometimes, all of the pistol nationals are held at the same time, other years, they have been broken up between different ranges.
A competitor reloads a shotgun during the 2018 USPSA Multigun Championship in Boulder City, Nevada.. Multigun, Multi Gun or Multi-Gun, often also called 2-Gun or 3-Gun depending on the types of firearms used, are practical shooting events where each of the stages require the competitor to use a combination of handguns, rifles, and/or shotguns [1] Multigun has a lot in common with ordinary IPSC ...