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  2. Evolution of languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_languages

    The highly diverse Nilo-Saharan languages, first proposed as a family by Joseph Greenberg in 1963 might have originated in the Upper Paleolithic. [1] Given the presence of a tripartite number system in modern Nilo-Saharan languages, linguist N.A. Blench inferred a noun classifier in the proto-language, distributed based on water courses in the Sahara during the "wet period" of the Neolithic ...

  3. Darwinian literary studies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwinian_literary_studies

    Interest in the relationship between Darwinism and the study of literature began in the nineteenth century, for example, among Italian literary critics. [2] For example, Ugo Angelo Canello argued that literature was the history of the human psyche, and as such, played a part in the struggle for natural selection, while Francesco de Sanctis argued that Emile Zola "brought the concepts of ...

  4. Evolutionary linguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_linguistics

    A review of Schleicher's book Darwinism as Tested by the Science of Language appeared in the first issue of Nature journal in 1870. [17] Darwin reiterated Schleicher's proposition in his 1871 book The Descent of Man , claiming that languages are comparable to species, and that language change occurs through natural selection as words 'struggle ...

  5. Literature review - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literature_review

    A literature review is an overview of previously published works on a particular topic. The term can refer to a full scholarly paper or a section of a scholarly work such as books or articles. Either way, a literature review provides the researcher /author and the audiences with general information of an existing knowledge of a particular topic.

  6. History of literature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_literature

    The history of literature is the historical development of writings in prose or poetry that attempt to provide entertainment or education to the reader, as well as the development of the literary techniques used in the communication of these pieces.

  7. Biolinguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biolinguistics

    Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini. Biolinguistics can be defined as the study of biology and the evolution of language. It is highly interdisciplinary as it is related to various fields such as biology, linguistics, psychology, anthropology, mathematics, and neurolinguistics to explain the formation of language.

  8. Comparative method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparative_method

    The aim of the comparative method is to highlight and interpret systematic phonological and semantic correspondences between two or more attested languages.If those correspondences cannot be rationally explained as the result of linguistic universals or language contact (borrowings, areal influence, etc.), and if they are sufficiently numerous, regular, and systematic that they cannot be ...

  9. Tree model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_model

    Cladistic representation of the Mayan linguistic family, going back 4000 years.(The numbers represent proposed historical dates in the Common Era).. In historical linguistics, the tree model (also Stammbaum, genetic, or cladistic model) is a model of the evolution of languages analogous to the concept of a family tree, particularly a phylogenetic tree in the biological evolution of species.