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Below: a lower deck of the ship. [1] Belowdecks: inside or into a ship, or down to a lower deck. [13] Bilge: the underwater part of a ship between the flat of the bottom and the vertical topsides [14] Bottom: the lowest part of the ship's hull. Bow: front of a ship (opposite of "stern") [1]
It is estimated that during the period 2005-2019, the global shipping industry as a whole paid taxes corresponding to an effective corporate income tax rate of 7%, compared to the OECD average corporate tax rate of 23.7%. One of the main reasons for the favorable tax treatment was the tonnage tax arrangements of several countries. [2]
Shipbuilding contract, which is the contract for the complete construction of a ship, concerns the sales of future goods, so the property could not pass title at the time when the contract is concluded. The aim of shipbuilding contract is to regulate a substantial and complex project which the builders and buyers assume long-term obligations to ...
Graphical representation of the dimensions used to describe a ship. Length between perpendiculars (often abbreviated as p/p, p.p., pp, LPP, LBP or Length BPP) is the length of a ship along the summer load line from the forward surface of the stem, or main bow perpendicular member, to the after surface of the sternpost, or main stern perpendicular member.
Vertical transom and stern of a modern cargo ship. In some boats and ships, a transom is the aft transverse surface of the hull that forms the stern of a vessel. Historically, they are a development from the canoe stern (or "double-ender") wherein which both bow and stern are pointed. Transoms add both strength and width to the stern.
The throat halyard hoists the throat of the sail (the end closer to the mast) at the forward end of the gaff and bears the main weight of the sail and the tension of the luff. [5] The peak halyard lifts the aft end of the gaff and bears the leech tension. Small craft attach the peak halyard to the gaff with a wire span with eyes at both ends ...
The clew (back corner) of the sail attaches to the free end of the boom. The entire foot of the sail may be attached to the boom or just the clew. If the foot is not attached to the boom, the rig is known as loose footed. A boom may be found on small headsails. There the forward end of the boom is attached to the same stay as the sail's luff ...
This construction relied heavily on support by a complex array of stays and shrouds. Each stay in either the fore-and-aft or athwartships direction had a corresponding one in the opposite direction providing counter-tension. Fore-and-aft the system of tensioning started with the stays that were anchored in front each mast.