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A flare or decoy flare is an aerial infrared countermeasure used by an aircraft to counter an infrared homing ("heat-seeking") surface-to-air missile or air-to-air missile. Flares are commonly composed of a pyrotechnic composition based on magnesium or another hot-burning metal, with burning temperature equal to or hotter than engine exhaust.
Its design is typical of commercially available flare guns, with a high-visibility red casing. A single-shot, 26.5/25mm flare gun manufactured by Patel Ballistics. It is chambered in a different caliber from the Orion flare gun. A flare gun, also known as a Very pistol or signal pistol, is a large-bore handgun that discharges flares, blanks and ...
Illumination flares being used during military training exercises Flares being fired from a ship during a fleet review. A flare, also sometimes called a fusée, fusee, or bengala, [1] [2] bengalo [3] in several European countries, is a type of pyrotechnic that produces a bright light or intense heat without an explosion.
The CP-140 Aurora is very similar externally to the Lockheed P-3C Orion (Canadian ESM wingtip pods instead of the American ESM wing pod), but is different internally, using two sets of mission systems that were first installed in yet another Lockheed anti-submarine warfare aircraft, the carrier-based S-3A Viking.
The Lockheed P-3 Orion is a four-engined, turboprop anti-submarine and maritime surveillance aircraft developed for the United States Navy and introduced in the 1960s. Lockheed based it on the L-188 Electra commercial airliner; it is easily distinguished from the Electra by its distinctive tail stinger or "MAD" boom, used for the magnetic anomaly detection (MAD) of submarines.
To achieve the red-light emission from the flare, the authors report a formulation mixture of powdered magnesium and hexamine as fuels, nitrocellulose, an epoxy binder system, and lithium-based nitrogen salts as the oxidizer and color agent. When burned, users could observe a cool burning flame emitting a deep red color.
For aerial decoy flares magnesium rich compositions are used with Mg contents between 55 and 65 wt%. At these stoichiometries only a part of the applied Mg reacts with the PTFE. The surplus Mg is vaporised and reacts with the atmospheric oxygen; likewise the thermally excited soot reacts with the atmospheric oxygen:
The flare is shipped with a metal mounting bracket that allows the grenade shaped flare to be mounted on a stake, tree, or other suitable vertical object. One end of the bracket has a point allowing it to be driven into the ground, while the other end has a spring loaded spoon holder that allows for two way release.
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