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A democracy is a political system, or a system of decision-making within an institution, organization, or state, in which members have a share of power. [2] Modern democracies are characterized by two capabilities of their citizens that differentiate them fundamentally from earlier forms of government: to intervene in society and have their sovereign (e.g., their representatives) held ...
After a period of sustained expansion throughout the 20th century, liberal democracy became the predominant political system in the world. A liberal democracy may take various constitutional forms: it may be a republic , such as Estonia , Ireland , Germany , and Greece ; or a constitutional monarchy , such as the United Kingdom , Japan or Spain .
The largest legislative assembly is the Chinese National People's Congress, which consists of 2980 indirectly elected members. The largest upper house of any bicameral legislature is the United Kingdom's House of Lords, with 772 appointed (and hereditary) members. The British Parliament is also the only bicameral assembly in the world to have ...
Ancient Athens was the cradle [clarification needed] of democracy. [10] The Athenian assembly (ἐκκλησία ekklesia) was the most important institution, and every male of Athenian citizenship above the age of thirty could take part in the discussions; however, no women, no men under the age of thirty, and none of the many thousands of slaves were allowed to participate.
Cosmopolitan democracy, also known as global democracy or world federalism, is a political system in which democracy is implemented on a global scale, either directly or through representatives. An important justification for this kind of system is that the decisions made in national or regional democracies often affect people outside the ...
[31] [32] The list of the world's 22 older democracies includes only two countries (Costa Rica and the United States) with presidential systems. [33] Yale political scientist Juan Linz argues that: [25] The danger that zero-sum presidential elections pose is compounded by the rigidity of the president's fixed term in office.
World War I saw the continent of Europe split into two major opposing alliances; the Allied Powers, primarily composed of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the United States, France, the Russian Empire, Italy, Japan, Portugal, and the many aforementioned Balkan States such as the Kingdom of Serbia and Montenegro; and the Central ...
This is a list of the Greek democracies for which there is some evidence in the Archaic period, following Eric Robinson's book The First Democracies (Stuttgart, 1997). Most of them probably pre-date the establishment of democracy in Athens by Cleisthenes in 508-507 BC.