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There are increased side effects with sublingual or oral misoprostol, compared to a low dose (400 μg) vaginal misoprostol. However, low dose vaginal misoprostol was linked with low complete abortion rate. [42] The study concluded that sublingually administered misoprostol dosed at 600 μg or 400 μg had greater instances of fever and diarrhea ...
Other adverse effects may include nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, warmth or hot flashes. [50] [43] [20] When used inside the vagina, misoprostol tends to have fewer gastrointestinal side effects. [6] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen reduce pain with medication abortion.
Other less common side effects included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, and fever. [37] Pelvic inflammatory disease is a very rare but serious complication. [38] Excessive bleeding and incomplete termination of a pregnancy require further intervention by a doctor (such as a repeat dose of misoprostol or a vacuum aspiration).
Misoprostol (Cytotec): A synthetic prostaglandin E1 analog oral medication that can stimulate uterine contractions. Misoprostol does not need to be refrigerated because it is heat stable. It is easy to administer compared with oxytocin and ergot alkaloids in low-resource areas where refrigeration and sterile needles are not available. [26]
Misoprostol can cause unpleasant side effects such as very high body temperatures and shivering. [27] Lower doses of misoprostol appear to be safer and cause less side effects. [27] Giving oxytocin in a solution of saline into the umbilical vein is a method of administering the drug directly to the placental bed and uterus. [28]
Vaginally administered misoprostol had improved outcomes of inducing labor within twenty four hours compared to oxytocin, but was associated with uterine hyperstimulation. [15] Misoprostol is an agonist of EP1 and EP3 receptors, and can cause a greater stimulation at lower concentrations.
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This treatment avoids the possible side effects and complications of medications and surgery, [129] but increases the risk of mild bleeding, the need for unplanned surgical treatment, and incomplete miscarriage. Medical treatment usually consists of using misoprostol (a prostaglandin) alone or in combination with mifepristone pre-treatment. [130]