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Myxedema (British English: myxoedema) is a term used synonymously with severe hypothyroidism. However, the term is also used to describe a dermatological change that can occur in hypothyroidism and (rare) paradoxical cases of hyperthyroidism. In this latter sense, myxedema refers to deposition of mucopolysaccharides in the dermis, which results ...
0.3–0.4% (USA) [8] Hypothyroidism (also called underactive thyroid, low thyroid or hypothyreosis) is a disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. [3] It can cause a number of symptoms, such as poor ability to tolerate cold, extreme fatigue, muscle aches, constipation, slow heart rate ...
Thyroiditis is generally caused by an immune system attack on the thyroid, resulting in inflammation and damage to the thyroid cells. This disease is often considered a malfunction of the immune system and can be associated with IgG4-related systemic disease, in which symptoms of autoimmune pancreatitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis and noninfectious aortitis also occur.
A goiter is a diffuse, often symmetric, swelling of the thyroid gland visible in the anterior neck that may develop. [ 18 ] The thyroid gland may become firm, large, and lobulated in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, but changes in the thyroid can also be nonpalpable. [ 19 ] Enlargement of the thyroid is due to lymphocytic infiltration and fibrosis ...
Myxedema coma is an extreme or decompensated form of hypothyroidism and while uncommon, is potentially lethal. [1] [2] [3] A person may have laboratory values identical to a "normal" hypothyroid state, but a stressful event (such as an infection, myocardial infarction, or stroke) precipitates the myxedema coma state, usually in the elderly.
Systemic antifungal therapy [4] Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is an immune disorder of T cells. [4] It is characterized by chronic infections with Candida that are limited to mucosal surfaces, skin, and nails. [5]: 310 It can also be associated with other types of infections, such as human papilloma virus.
Around the world, the most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism is iodine deficiency, but in most of the developed world and areas of adequate environmental iodine, cases are due to a combination of known and unknown causes. Most commonly there is a defect of development of the thyroid gland itself, resulting in an absent (athyreosis) or ...
Biotin and collagen are two supplements commonly used for hair, skin, nail, and bone health. Biotin, also called vitamin B7, is a B vitamin that helps turn carbohydrates, protein, and fats that ...