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A paradox is a logically self-contradictory statement or a statement that runs contrary to one's expectation. [1][2] It is a statement that, despite apparently valid reasoning from true or apparently true premises, leads to a seemingly self-contradictory or a logically unacceptable conclusion. [3][4] A paradox usually involves contradictory-yet ...
Buttered cat paradox: Humorous example of a paradox from contradicting proverbs. Intentionally blank page: Many documents contain pages on which the text "This page intentionally left blank" is printed, thereby making the page not blank. Metabasis paradox: Conflicting definitions of what is the best kind of tragedy in Aristotle's Poetics.
Paradox (literature) In literature, the paradox is an anomalous juxtaposition of incongruous ideas for the sake of striking exposition or unexpected insight. It functions as a method of literary composition and analysis that involves examining apparently contradictory statements and drawing conclusions either to reconcile them or to explain ...
Condorcet paradox. In social choice theory, Condorcet's voting paradox is a fundamental discovery by the Marquis de Condorcet that majority rule is inherently self-contradictory. The result implies that it is logically impossible for any voting system to guarantee a winner will have support from a majority of voters: in some situations, a ...
The friendship paradox is the phenomenon first observed by the sociologist Scott L. Feld in 1991 that on average, an individual's friends have more friends than that individual. [1] It can be explained as a form of sampling bias in which people with more friends are more likely to be in one's own friend group.
Ship of Theseus. The Ship of Theseus, also known as Theseus's Paradox, is a thought experiment and paradox about whether an object is the same object after having all of its original components replaced over time, typically one after the other. In Greek mythology, Theseus, the mythical king of the city of Athens, rescued the children of Athens ...
Moore's paradox concerns the apparent absurdity involved in asserting a first-person present-tense sentence such as "It is raining, but I do not believe that it is raining" or "It is raining, but I believe that it is not raining." The first author to note this apparent absurdity was George E. Moore. [1] These 'Moorean' sentences, as they have ...
The term Socratic paradox may be used to refer to several seemingly paradoxical claims made by the philosopher Socrates: I know that I know nothing, a saying which is sometimes (somewhat inaccurately) attributed to Socrates. Socratic intellectualism, the view that nobody ever knowingly does wrong. Socratic fallacy, the view that using a word ...