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  2. Amethyst - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amethyst

    Amethyst is a violet variety of quartz. The name comes from the Koine Greek αμέθυστος amethystos from α- a-, "not" and μεθύσκω ( Ancient Greek) methysko / μεθώ metho ( Modern Greek ), "intoxicate", a reference to the belief that the stone protected its owner from drunkenness. [1] Ancient Greeks wore amethyst and carved ...

  3. List of gemstones by species - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gemstones_by_species

    This is a list of gemstones, organized by species and types. Minerals There ... There are a number of artificial and lab grown minerals used to produce gemstones ...

  4. List of individual gemstones - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_individual_gemstones

    Opals. Andamooka Opal, presented to Queen Elizabeth II, also known as the Queen's Opal. Flame Queen Opal. Galaxy Opal. Halley's Comet Opal, the world's largest uncut black opal. Olympic Australis Opal, reported to be the largest and most valuable gem opal ever found.

  5. Charoite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charoite

    Charoite is translucent lavender to purple in color with a pearly luster. Charoite is strictly massive in nature, and fractures are conchoidal. It has an unusual swirling, fibrous appearance, sometimes chatoyant, and that, along with its intense color, can lead many to believe at first that it is synthetic or enhanced artificially. Though ...

  6. Gemstone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone

    The irradiation process is widely practiced in jewelry industry and enabled the creation of gemstone colors that do not exist or are extremely rare in nature. However, particularly when done in a nuclear reactor, the processes can make gemstones radioactive. Health risks related to the residual radioactivity of the treated gemstones have led to ...

  7. Garnet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnet

    The word garnet comes from the 14th-century Middle English word gernet, meaning 'dark red'. It is borrowed from Old French grenate from Latin granatus, from granum ('grain, seed'). [3] This is possibly a reference to mela granatum or even pomum granatum (' pomegranate ', [4] Punica granatum ), a plant whose fruits contain abundant and vivid red ...

  8. Tanzanite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzanite

    The normal primary and secondary hues in tanzanite are blue and violet. Untreated tanzanite is a trichroic gemstone, meaning that light that enters this anisotropic crystal gets refracted on different paths, with different colour absorption on each of the three optical axes. As a result of this phenomenon, a multitude of colors have been ...

  9. Ametrine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ametrine

    Ametrine, also known as trystine or by its trade name as bolivianite, is a naturally occurring variety of quartz. It is a mixture of amethyst and citrine with zones of purple and yellow or orange. Almost all commercially available ametrine is mined in Bolivia. The colour of the zones visible within ametrine are due to differing oxidation states ...

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