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The stellate ganglion (or cervicothoracic ganglion [1]) is a sympathetic ganglion formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical ganglion and the first thoracic (superior thoracic sympathetic) ganglion, [2] which is present in 80% of individuals. Sometimes, the second and the third thoracic ganglia are included in this fusion.
Nerve blocks, such as cervical plexus block, stellate ganglion or interscalene block; Pathophysiology. Horner syndrome is due to a deficiency of sympathetic activity.
inferior cervical ganglion. The inferior ganglion may be fused with the first thoracic ganglion to form a single structure, the stellate ganglion. – adjacent to C7; target: heart, lower neck, arm, posterior cranial arteries; Nerves emerging from cervical sympathetic ganglia contribute to the cardiac plexus, among other things.
There are usually 22–23 pairs of these ganglia: three cervical ganglia, 12 thoracic ganglia (the stellate ganglion (cervicothoracic) is formed from the fusion of the first thoracic ganglion with the inferior cervical ganglion), four lumbar ganglia, and four or five sacral ganglia. In the area of the coccyx there is a small ganglion impar. The ...
The inferior cervical cardiac nerve arises from the stellate ganglion (cervicothoracic gangion), or from the ansa subclavia of the cervical sympathetic trunk.It passes along the posterior aspect of the brachiocephalic trunk on the right side of the body, and of the internal carotid artery on the left side.
The superior cervical ganglion (SCG) is the upper-most and largest [1] of the cervical sympathetic ganglia of the sympathetic trunk. [1] [2] It probably formed by the union of four sympathetic ganglia of the cervical spinal nerves C1–C4. [1] It is the only ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system that innervates the head and neck.
Subclavian loop (ansa subclavia), also known as Vieussens' ansa after French anatomist Raymond Vieussens (1635-1715), is a nerve cord that is a connection between the middle and inferior cervical ganglion which is commonly fused with the first thoracic ganglion and is then called the stellate ganglion.
The middle cervical ganglion is the smallest of the three cervical sympathetic ganglia (i.e. of the cervical portion of the sympathetic trunk). [1] It presumably represents the merging of the sympathetic ganglia of cervical segments C5–C6. It is usually situated at the level of the sixth cervical vertebra.