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The mechanism by which the bacteria causes symptoms of blepharitis is not fully understood and may include direct irritation of bacterial toxins and/or enhanced cell-mediated immunity to S. aureus. Staphylococcal blepharitis is caused by an infection of the anterior portion of the eyelid by Staphylococcal bacteria. [14]
Orbital cellulitis is inflammation of eye tissues behind the orbital septum. It is most commonly caused by an acute spread of infection into the eye socket from either the adjacent sinuses or through the blood. It may also occur after trauma. When it affects the rear of the eye, it is known as retro-orbital cellulitis.
Acute dacryoadenitis is most commonly due to viral or bacterial infection. Common causes include mumps, Epstein-Barr virus, staphylococcus, and gonococcus. Chronic dacryoadenitis is usually due to noninfectious inflammatory disorders. Examples include sarcoidosis, thyroid eye disease, and orbital pseudotumor.
Pupillary symptoms of Holmes–Adie syndrome are thought to be the result of a viral or bacterial infection that causes inflammation and damage to neurons in the ciliary ganglion, located in the posterior orbit, that provides parasympathetic control of eye constriction.
Toxic anterior segment syndrome is an acute, sterile anterior segment inflammation following generally uneventful cataract and anterior segment surgery. [ 1 ] One of the main factors in differentiating toxic anterior segment syndrome from an infectious endophthalmitis is the rapid onset.
It took several months to confirm that Montz's infection had come from a contaminated bottle of EzriCare artificial tears, a product since linked to dozens of similar eye infections nationwide.
It is usually caused by allergies or viral infections, often inciting excessive eye rubbing. Chemosis is also included in the Chandler Classification system of orbital infections. If chemosis has occurred due to excessive rubbing of the eye, the first aid to be given is a cold water wash for eyes. [citation needed] Other causes of chemosis include:
Symptoms may disappear if untreated, but treatment may decrease both the healing time and the chances of remission. [citation needed] Artificial tear eye-drops or ointments may be a suitable treatment for mild cases. Low-dosage steroidal eye-drops, such as prednisone, fluorometholone, loteprednol (Lotemax 0.5%) or rimexolone.