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Lauryldimethylamine oxide (LDAO), also known as dodecyldimethylamine oxide (DDAO), is an amine oxide–based zwitterionic surfactant, with a C 12 (dodecyl) alkyl tail. It is one of the most frequently-used surfactants of this type. [ 4 ]
One formulation is (by weight) lactic acid 12–18%, gluconic acid 2.50–3.75%, lauramine oxide 1.50–3.25%, with the remainder being water. [3] The product also contained phosphoric acid at one time, [ citation needed ] but it is now phosphate-free.
Reversible MAOIs were developed in the hope that they would exert efficacy in depressive disorders but with less of the toxicity of the older irreversible compounds; moclobemide's discovery and marketing brought the renewed interest in MAOIs due to an absence of dangerous tyramine food interactions and potent antidepressant effects.
In the strict sense, the term amine oxide applies only to oxides of tertiary amines. Sometimes it is also used for the analogous derivatives of primary and secondary amines. Examples of amine oxides include pyridine-N-oxide, a water-soluble crystalline solid with melting point 62–67 °C, and N-methylmorpholine N-oxide, which is an oxidant.
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. [1] Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity).
U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy warned in a recent advisory about alcohol use increasing cancer risk. The advisory notes that alcohol can increase the risk of throat, liver, esophageal ...
All symptoms listed above are consistent with mold mycotoxin accumulation. [ 7 ] The term neurotoxicity implies the involvement of a neurotoxin; however, the term neurotoxic may be used more loosely to describe states that are known to cause physical brain damage , but where no specific neurotoxin has been identified.
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