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P. syringae can cause water to freeze at temperatures as high as −1.8 °C (28.8 °F), [26] but strains causing ice nucleation at lower temperatures (down to −8 °C (18 °F)) are more common. [27] The freezing causes injuries in the epithelia and makes the nutrients in the underlying plant tissues available to the bacteria.
Should the ice-minus strain win out, the ice nucleate provided by P. syringae would no longer be present, lowering the level of frost development on plant surfaces at normal water freezing temperature – 0 °C (32 °F).
Halo blight seems to thrive when the temperatures are cooler. The optimal temperature for Pseudomonas Syringae to thrive is 20-23 °C. Moist environments also allow the spread of this disease. The pathogen enters the plant through wounds or stomata and hydathodes during periods of high relative humidity or free moisture.
It thus comes as no surprise that Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea is able to adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions. [citation needed] However, research suggests that moist conditions and temperatures between 23 and 28 °C provide optimal growing conditions for the pathogen. [6] [15]
The introduction of an ice-minus strain of P. syringae to the surface of plants would incur competition between the strains. Should the ice-minus strain win out, the ice nucleate provided by P. syringae would no longer be present, lowering the level of frost development on plant surfaces at normal water freezing temperature (0°C).
Pseudomonas is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae in the class Gammaproteobacteria.The 348 members of the genus [2] [3] demonstrate a great deal of metabolic diversity and consequently are able to colonize a wide range of niches. [4]
Several pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae have been sequenced, including pathovar tomato DC3000 (2003), pathovar syringae B728a (2005), and pathovar phaseolica 1448A (2005). [ 3 ] Distinguishing characteristics
Syringomycin E is a member of a class of lipodepsinonapeptide molecules that are secreted by the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae.Lipodepsinonapeptides comprise a closed ring of nine nonribosomally synthesized amino acids bonded to a fatty acid hydrocarbon tail. [1]