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Like Boyer–Moore, Boyer–Moore–Horspool preprocesses the pattern to produce a table containing, for each symbol in the alphabet, the number of characters that can safely be skipped. The preprocessing phase, in pseudocode, is as follows (for an alphabet of 256 symbols, i.e., bytes):
number of characters and number of bytes, respectively COBOL: string length string: a decimal string giving the number of characters Tcl: ≢ string: APL: string.len() Number of bytes Rust [30] string.chars().count() Number of Unicode code points Rust [31]
The variable z is used to hold the length of the longest common substring found so far. The set ret is used to hold the set of strings which are of length z. The set ret can be saved efficiently by just storing the index i, which is the last character of the longest common substring (of size z) instead of S[i-z+1..i].
This template removes the last word of the first parameter, i.e. the last non-space token after the last space. Use |1= for the first parameter if the string may contain an equals sign (=). By default, words are delimited by spaces, but the optional parameter |sep= can set the separator to any character.
Backtick as last character of line. PowerShell; Hyphen as last character of line. SQL*Plus; Underscore as last character of line. AutoIt; Cobra; Visual Basic; Xojo; Ellipsis (as three periods–not one special character) MATLAB: The ellipsis token need not be the last characters on the line, but any following it will be ignored. [7]
The loop at the center of the function only works for palindromes where the length is an odd number. The function works for even-length palindromes by modifying the input string. The character '|' is inserted between every character in the inputs string, and at both ends. So the input "book" becomes "|b|o|o|k|".
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The mapping of characters to code-points and back can be implemented in a number of ways. The simplest approach (akin to the original Luhn algorithm) is to use ASCII code arithmetic. For example, given an input set of 0 to 9 , the code-point can be calculated by subtracting the ASCII code for '0' from the ASCII code of the desired character.