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The Sun is 1.4 million kilometers (4.643 light-seconds) wide, about 109 times wider than Earth, or four times the Lunar distance, and contains 99.86% of all Solar System mass. The Sun is a G-type main-sequence star that makes up about 99.86% of the mass of the Solar System. [26]
The core of the Sun is considered to extend from the center to about 0.2 of the solar radius (139,000 km; 86,000 mi). [1] It is the hottest part of the Sun and of the Solar System . It has a density of 150,000 kg/m 3 (150 g/cm 3 ) at the center, and a temperature of 15 million kelvins (15 million degrees Celsius; 27 million degrees Fahrenheit).
In the Sun, the region between the solar core at 0.2 of the Sun's radius and the outer convection zone at 0.71 of the Sun's radius is referred to as the radiation zone, although the core is also a radiative region. [1] The convection zone and the radiative zone are divided by the tachocline, another part of the Sun.
Astronomers think our sun will meet a similar fate one day. It will shed its outer gas layers and eventually fade into a white dwarf star.. The bad news is that Earth will likely get fried during ...
The Sun is composed primarily of the chemical elements hydrogen and helium; they account for 74.9% and 23.8%, respectively, of the mass of the Sun in the photosphere.All heavier elements, colloquially called metals in stellar astronomy, account for less than 2% of the mass, with oxygen (roughly 1% of the Sun's mass), carbon (0.3%), neon (0.2%), and iron (0.2%) being the most abundant.
This temperature is achieved in the cores of main-sequence stars with at least 1.3 times the mass of the Sun. [32] The Sun itself has a core temperature of about 1.57 × 10 7 K. [33]: 5 As a main-sequence star ages, the core temperature will rise, resulting in a steadily increasing contribution from its CNO cycle. [25]
The flux of boron-8 neutrinos is highly sensitive to the temperature of the core of the Sun, (). [16] For this reason, a precise measurement of the boron-8 neutrino flux can be used in the framework of the standard solar model as a measurement of the temperature of the core of the Sun.
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