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The extant Dharmasutras are written in concise sutra format, [23] with a very terse incomplete sentence structure which are difficult to understand and leave much to the reader to interpret. [19] The Dharmasastras are derivative works on the Dharmasutras, using a shloka (four 8-syllable verse style chandas poetry, Anushtubh meter), which are ...
The History of Dharmaśāstra, with a subtitle "Ancient and Medieval Religious and Civil Law in India", is a monumental seven-volume work consisting of around 6,500 pages.
There are numerous classical commentaries on the Manusmṛti written in the medieval period. Bhāruci is the oldest known commentator on the Manu Smṛti . Kane places him in the late 10th or early 11th century, [ 61 ] Olivelle places him in the 8th century, [ 62 ] and Derrett places him between 600 and 800 CE.
Several ancient commentaries were written on this Dharmasūtra, but only one by Haradatta named ' Ujjvalā ' has survived into the modern era. [ 17 ] [ 38 ] Haradatta, possibly from South India and one who lived in 12th- or 13th-century commented on the praśnas of Āpastamba Gṛhyasūtra as well as Gautama's Dharmasūtra.
One recension claims that “Manu Prajāpati originally composed a text in 100,000 verses and 1080 chapters, which was successively abridged by the sages Nārada, Mārkandeya, and Sumati Bhārgava, down to a text of 4,000 verses.” [7] Nāradasmṛti, according to this recension's claim, represent the ninth chapter, regarding legal procedure, of Manu’s original text.
It is commonly agreed upon that the Vishnu Smriti relies heavily on previous Dharmashastra texts, such as the Manusmriti and Yajnavalkya smrti.However, some scholars see it as a Vaishnava recast of the Kathaka Dharmasutra [2] while others say that the Kathakagrhya and metrical verses were added later.
Attested written legal documents Every loan transaction, where any amount has been agreed to be repaid with interest by a contract entered into by mutual consent, should be reduced to writing and should be attested by witnesses.
Gautama Dharmasūtra is a Sanskrit text and likely one of the oldest Hindu Dharmasutras (600-200 BCE), whose manuscripts have survived into the modern age. [1] [2] [3]The Gautama Dharmasutra was composed and survives as an independent treatise, [4] unattached to a complete Kalpa-sūtras, but like all Dharmasutras it may have been part of one whose Shrauta- and Grihya-sutras have been lost to ...