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With the onset of the Industrial Revolution in Britain in the late 18th century, there was a rapid increase in the industrial exploitation of labour, including child labour. Industrial cities such as Birmingham , Manchester , and Liverpool rapidly grew from small villages into large cities and improving child mortality rates.
18th-century people by occupation and nationality (16 C) + 18th-century men by occupation (9 C) 18th-century women by occupation (21 C) A. 18th-century actors (3 C)
By the late 18th century, however, children were specially employed at the factories and mines and as chimney sweeps, [38] often working long hours in dangerous jobs for low pay. [39] In England and Scotland in 1788, two-thirds of the workers in 143 water-powered cotton mills were described as children. [ 40 ]
18th-century United States government officials (3 C, 4 P) H. 18th-century American historians (15 P) I. 18th-century American inventors (26 P) J.
Bal maidens in traditional protective clothing, 1890. A bal maiden, from the Cornish language bal, a mine, and the English "maiden", a young or unmarried woman, was a female manual labourer working in the mining industries of Cornwall and western Devon, at the south-western extremity of Great Britain.
Child labor in the United States was a common phenomenon across the economy in the 19th century. Outside agriculture, it gradually declined in the early 20th century, except in the South which added children in textile and other industries. Child labor remained common in the agricultural sector until compulsory school laws were enacted by the ...
The Earl of Shaftesbury led a campaign to abolish child labour, which led to the passage of a series of Factory Acts in the mid 19th century. The rapid industrialisation of manufacturing at the turn of the 19th century led to a rapid increase in child employment, and public opinion was steadily made aware of the terrible conditions these ...
Scavengers were employed in 18th and 19th century in cotton mills, predominantly in the UK and the United States, to clean and recoup the area underneath a spinning mule. The cotton wastage that gathered on the floor was seen as too valuable for the owners to leave and one of the simplest solutions was to employ young children to work under the ...