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The Ancestral Puebloans, also known as the Anasazi and by the earlier term the Basketmaker-Pueblo culture, were an ancient Native American culture that spanned the present-day Four Corners region of the United States, comprising southeastern Utah, northeastern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, and southwestern Colorado.
Puebloan societies incorporate elements of three major cultures that dominated the Southwestern United States before European contact: the Mogollon culture, whose adherents occupied an area near the Gila Wilderness; the Hohokam culture; and the Ancestral Pueblo culture, who occupied the Chaco Canyon and Mesa Verde regions in the Four Corners area.
Puebloans have been remarkably adept at preserving their culture and core religious beliefs, including developing syncretic Pueblo Christianity. [5] Exact numbers of Pueblo peoples are unknown but, in the 21st century, some 75,000 Pueblo people live predominantly in New Mexico and Arizona, but also in Texas and elsewhere.
Puebloan societies contain elements of three major cultures that dominated the Southwest United States region before European contact: the Mogollon Culture, whose adherents occupied an area near Gila Wilderness; the Hohokam Culture; and the Ancestral Puebloan Culture who occupied the Chaco Canyon and Mesa Verde regions of the Four Corners area.
The Basketmaker culture of the pre-Ancestral Puebloans began about 1500 BC and continued until about AD 750 with the beginning of the Pueblo I Era. The prehistoric American southwestern culture was named "Basketmaker" for the large number of baskets found at archaeological sites of 3,000 to 2,000 years ago.
This suggests that the room's older functions may have been changed or adapted to suit the new religious practice. As cultural changes occurred, particularly during the Pueblo III period between 1150 and 1300, kivas continued to have a prominent place in the community. However, some kivas were built above ground.
Navajo boy at T-shaped door. The Pueblo III Period (AD 1150 to AD 1350) was the third period, also called the "Great Pueblo period" when Ancestral Puebloans lived in large cliff-dwelling, multi-storied pueblo, or cliff-side talus house communities.
Ancestral Pueblo culture, 1200 BC–1300 AD, Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico—one of these cultural groups referred to as Anasazi; Fremont culture, 1 AD–1300 AD, Utah and parts of Nevada, Idaho and Colorado; Hohokam, 1 AD–1450 AD, Arizona; Eastern Woodlands Woodland period, 1000 BC–1000 AD