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The environmental impact of concrete, its manufacture, and its applications, are complex, driven in part by direct impacts of construction and infrastructure, as well as by CO 2 emissions; between 4-8% of total global CO 2 emissions come from concrete. [1] Many depend on circumstances.
Africa and the Middle east; a continental Overview of Environmental Issues. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. Maddox, G.H. (2006). Sub-Saharan Africa: An environmental history. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. McCann.J.C.(1990). "A Great Agrarian cycle? Productivity in Highland Ethiopia, 1900–1987," Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 20:3, pp. 389 ...
The Gilgel Gibe III Dam is 610 m-long (2,000 ft) and 243 m (797 ft) high roller-compacted concrete dam. It withholds a reservoir with a capacity of 14.7 km 3 (3.5 cu mi) and a surface area of 210 km 2 (81 sq mi), collecting with a catchment area of 34,150 km 2 (13,190 sq mi).
For many years, lead cell batteries were destroyed there and the lead was extracted, leaving the untreated cases on site. An environmental assessment showed that the site was contaminated due to the presence of heavy metals, lead and hydrocarbon pollution. Cement based S/S was employed to successfully remediate 600 tonnes of contaminated soil. [10]
The Development Bank of Ethiopia (DBE) is a specialized state-owned development financial institution, which is supervised by the Public Financial Enterprises Agency in Ethiopia. The Development Bank of Ethiopia was the first development finance institution in Ethiopia and as such it was designed to: "(a) assist in the development of industrial ...
China has launched a new development bank and persuaded Britain, Germany and other American allies to join, despite open U.S. opposition. These geopolitical shifts have fueled doubts about whether the World Bank still has the clout — or the desire — to impose strong protections for people living in the way of development.
Ethiopia's economy is ranked 159th place out of 190 countries in 'Ease of doing business'. [35] Ethiopia is also a part of African Continental Free Trade Area, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, Intergovernmental Authority on Development, and the G24, and has observer status at the World Trade Organization.
The Ethiopian government used money from a World Bank-financed health and education initiative to brutally evict thousands of villagers , according to former government officials who helped carry out the forced removals. The World Bank, the planet's most influential development lender, has denied responsibility.