Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The primary treatment of DKA is with intravenous fluids and insulin. [1] Depending on the severity, insulin may be given intravenously or by injection under the skin. [3] Usually, potassium is also needed to prevent the development of low blood potassium. [1] Throughout treatment, blood sugar and potassium levels should be regularly checked. [1]
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the life-threatening severe complications of diabetes that demands immediate attention and intervention. [7] It is considered a medical emergency and can affect both patients with T1D (type 1 diabetes) and T2D (type 2 diabetes), but it is more common in T1D. [8]
While ketosis refers to any elevation of blood ketones, ketoacidosis is a specific pathologic condition that results in changes in blood pH and requires medical attention. The most common cause of ketoacidosis is diabetic ketoacidosis but it can also be caused by alcohol, medications, toxins, and rarely, starvation. [citation needed]
Diabetic ketoacidosis (usually type 1) advanced enough to result in unconsciousness from a combination of a severely increased blood sugar level, dehydration and shock, and exhaustion; Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (usually type 2) in which an extremely high blood sugar level and dehydration alone are sufficient to cause unconsciousness.
Endocrine disorders are often quite complex, involving a mixed picture of hyposecretion and hypersecretion because of the feedback mechanisms involved in the endocrine system. For example, most forms of hyperthyroidism are associated with an excess of thyroid hormone and a low level of thyroid stimulating hormone. [2]
A similar mechanism is seen in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, [4] which can be complicated by respiratory failure in these cases due to respiratory muscle weakness. [5] [6] Respiratory alkalosis – Any alkalemic condition moves phosphate out of the blood into cells. This includes most common respiratory alkalemia (a higher than normal ...
Conversely, hyperthyroidism — where thyroid levels are too high — is associated with weight loss and muscle weakness, high heart rate and blood pressure, feeling anxious and irritable ...
The abnormality in the channel is thought to lead to shifts of potassium into cells, under conditions of high thyroxine (thyroid hormone) levels, usually with an additional precipitant. Treatment of the low levels of potassium in the blood, followed by correction of the hyperthyroidism, leads to complete resolution of the attacks.