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Clients C 1 and C 4 independently pick the same random subset of four sites {S 2, S 5, S 6, S 10} from among the twelve options S 1, S 2, ..., S 12, for placing replicas or shares of object O. Rendezvous or highest random weight (HRW) hashing [ 1 ] [ 2 ] is an algorithm that allows clients to achieve distributed agreement on a set of k ...
Hasse diagram of some classes of quantitative automata, ordered by expressiveness. [1]: Fig.1 In theoretical computer science and formal language theory, a weighted automaton or weighted finite-state machine is a generalization of a finite-state machine in which the edges have weights, for example real numbers or integers.
The NIFTY 50 index is a free float market capitalisation-weighted index. Stocks are added to the index based on the following criteria: [1] Must have traded at an average impact cost of 0.50% or less during the last six months for 90% of the observations, for the basket size of Rs. 100 Million. The company should have a listing history of 6 months.
In portfolio management, the Carhart four-factor model is an extra factor addition in the Fama–French three-factor model, proposed by Mark Carhart.The Fama-French model, developed in the 1990, argued most stock market returns are explained by three factors: risk, price (value stocks tending to outperform) and company size (smaller company stocks tending to outperform).
The S&P 500 is a market-cap weighted index, which means the highest- valued companies make up the largest weights in the index. ... for example. Here are some of the top equal-weight index funds ...
This algorithm can easily be adapted to compute the variance of a finite population: simply divide by n instead of n − 1 on the last line.. Because SumSq and (Sum×Sum)/n can be very similar numbers, cancellation can lead to the precision of the result to be much less than the inherent precision of the floating-point arithmetic used to perform the computation.
Fundamentally based index funds have higher expense ratios than the traditional capitalization weighted index funds. For example, the Powershares fundamentally based ETFs have an expense ratio of 0.6% (the U.S. index ETF has an expense ratio of 0.39%) while the PIMCO Fundamental IndexPLUS TR Fund charges 1.14% in annual expenses. [25]
For example, the S&P 500 index is both cap-weighted and float-adjusted. [3] Historically, in the United States, capitalization-weighted indices tended to use full weighting, i.e., all outstanding shares were included, while float-weighted indexing has been the norm in other countries, perhaps because of large cross-holdings or government ownership.