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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to fungi and mycology: . Fungi – "Fungi" is plural for "fungus". A fungus is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes unicellular microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as multicellular fungi that produce familiar fruiting forms known as mushrooms.
Fungi that possess these structures can compete and grow in harsh conditions. [ 7 ] Rhizomorphs are sometimes called mycelial cords, although they are structurally different: mycelial cords are less complex and have a loose network of hyphae giving an appearance of a fan-like mat, [ 6 ] while rhizomorphs are more complex organs that have ...
Mycelium (pl.: mycelia) [a] is a root-like structure of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae. [1] Its normal form is that of branched, slender, entangled, anastomosing, hyaline threads. [2] Fungal colonies composed of mycelium are found in and on soil and many other substrates.
Mastigomycotina is a former polyphyletic taxonomic grouping, a subdivision, of fungi, similar to Phycomycetes, and that included the zoosporic classes Chytridiomycetes, Hyphochytriomycetes, Plasmodiophoromycetes and Oomycetes. [1] General features of Mastigomycotina: [2] They produce flagellated cells during their lifetime. May bear rhizoids.
A sclerotium (/ s k l ə ˈ r oʊ ʃ ə m /; pl.: sclerotia (/ s k l ə ˈ r oʊ ʃ ə /) [help 1] is a compact mass of hardened fungal mycelium containing food reserves. One role of sclerotia is to survive environmental extremes. In some higher fungi such as ergot, sclerotia become detached
A crozier is an anatomical feature of many fungi in the phylum Ascomycota that forms at the base of asci and looks like a hook-topped shepherd’s staff or stylized religious crosier. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Croziers resemble and function similarly to clamp connections on the dikaryotic hyphae of Basidiomycota .
All basidiocarps serve as the structure on which the hymenium is produced. Basidia are found on the surface of the hymenium, and the basidia ultimately produce spores. In its simplest form, a basidiocarp consists of an undifferentiated fruiting structure with a hymenium on the surface; such a structure is characteristic of many simple jelly and club fungi.
A phylum of fungi characterized by the presence of an ascus, a sac-like structure where ascospores are produced. The largest group of fungi. The largest group of fungi. Includes cup fungi or Discomycetes ; most dermatophyte s; the mycobiont part of most lichens; powdery mildews ; and fungi that produce truffle s.