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Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans.
The chloride from the hydrochloric acid in sodium chloride does not hydrolyze, though, so sodium chloride is not basic. The difference between a basic salt and an alkali is that an alkali is the soluble hydroxide compound of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
The product is crystallized from hydrochloric acid, and then halogenation with thionyl chloride gives 3-butoxy-4-nitrobenzoyl chloride [23442-21-9] (5). Esterification with diethylaminoethanol [100-37-8] ( 6 ) gives 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 3-butoxy-4-nitrobenzoate, CID:13346204 ( 7 ) Lastly, catalytic hydrogenation over Raney-Nickel completes the ...
Chloroethane is produced by hydrochlorination of ethylene: [11]. C 2 H 4 + HCl → C 2 H 5 Cl. At various times in the past, chloroethane has also been produced from ethanol and hydrochloric acid, from ethane and chlorine, or from ethanol and phosphorus trichloride, but these routes are no longer economical.
A strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid, at concentration 1 mol dm −3 has a pH of 0, while a strong alkali like sodium hydroxide, at the same concentration, has a pH of 14. Since pH is a logarithmic scale, a difference of one in pH is equivalent to a tenfold difference in hydrogen ion concentration.
Regardless, Ward posted a stellar season, completing 67.4% of his passes for 4,123 yards, an ACC-best 36 touchdowns and seven interceptions for a Miami team that finished 10-2 and is ranked No. 15 ...
At the conclusion of its seventh and penultimate rate-setting policy meeting of 2024 on November 7, 2024, the Federal Reserve announced it was lowering the federal funds target interest rate by 25 ...
Sodium hydroxide is used with hydrochloric acid to balance pH. The resultant salt, NaCl, is the corrosive agent used in the standard neutral pH salt spray test. Poor quality crude oil can be treated with sodium hydroxide to remove sulfurous impurities in a process known as caustic washing .
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