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The Fontan Kreutzer procedure is used in pediatric patients who possess only a single functional ventricle, either due to lack of a heart valve (e.g. tricuspid or mitral atresia), an abnormality of the pumping ability of the heart (e.g. hypoplastic left heart syndrome or hypoplastic right heart syndrome), or a complex congenital heart disease where a bi-ventricular repair is impossible or ...
Currently, infants undergo either the staged reconstructive surgery (Norwood or Sano procedure within a few days of birth, Glenn or Hemi-Fontan procedure at 3 to 6 months of age, and the Fontan procedure at 1 1/2 to 5 years of age) or cardiac transplantation. [10] Current expectations are that 70% of those with HLHS may reach adulthood. [18]
Fontan procedure: François Fontan: Pediatric surgery: Palliative procedure used to treat complex congenital heart defects in children: Fontan's operation at Who Named It? Gavriliu's operation: Dan Gavriliu: Upper gastrointestinal surgery: Procedure to replace or bypass the esophagus with part of the stomach: Gavriliu's operation at Who Named ...
Isomeric patients are first treated by inserting a shunt that will move incoming blood through the pulmonary circuit. The Fontan procedure routes blood through the patient's single ventricle, to the lungs, and into systemic circulation. This process is favorable in patients aged 2 to 5 years old.
When possible Glenn procedure is done. [1] Later, surgical options include the Damus–Kaye–Stansel procedure, the Fontan procedure, and the Norwood procedure. The goal of all of these is separating the pulmonary and the systemic circulation. [2] Usually, DILV is associated with other cardiac malformations.
An estimated annual 1,000 Fontan procedures are performed annually in the United States, with an estimated 50,000 to 70,000 patients having completed the procedure as of 2018. [14] [15] In Europe, an estimated 25,000 patients have completed the Fontan procedure as of 2021. [4]
The Fontan procedure, done usually after the patient is two years old, disconnects the inferior vena cava from the heart and connects it directly with the other pulmonary artery so that deoxygenated blood from the lower body then is sent directly to the lungs. [citation needed]
Most patients who undergo a Norwood procedure will proceed to further stages of single ventricle palliation. A second surgery, also known as the Glenn procedure, occurs at 4–6 months of age. The third surgery is the Fontan procedure, occurring when patients are 3–5 years of age. [5]