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Mastery-based learning methods emphasize that instruction should be tailored to the individual time needed for each student to master the same content. This is very much in contrast with classic models of teaching that focus on varying student abilities and allocation of equal time and instructions irrespective of the students' unique needs.
Bloom thus challenged researchers and teachers to "find methods of group instruction as effective as one-to-one tutoring". [ 1 ] : 15 Bloom's graduate students Joanne Anania and Arthur J. Burke conducted studies of the effect at different grade levels and in different schools, observing students with "great differences in cognitive achievement ...
The following summary is based upon Rousse and Dreyfus, "Revisiting the Six Stages of Skill Acquisition." [3] Stage 1: Novice. Novices rely heavily on context-free rules and step-by-step instructions. Their performance tends to be slow, clumsy, and requires conscious effort. Novices struggle to adapt when situations don't align with the ...
The Keller Plan has mainly been used in higher education, particularly as a more personalized form of instruction in large classes, but there is nothing inherent in Keller's formulation to restrict its application to particular grade levels, content, or types of courses; [4] for instance the papers [5] and [6] report on usage in elementary school and junior high school, respectively.
Additionally, where many traditional learning methods use summative testing, competency-based learning focuses on student mastery of individual learning outcomes. [11] Students and instructors can dynamically revise instruction strategies and based on student performance in specific competencies. [12]
Attainment based vs. time based progress – The instruction can either be based on the focus on the mastery of the concept or the time spent on learning the concept. Customized vs. standardized instruction – The instruction can be different for different learners or the instruction can be given in general to the entire classroom
Bloom's taxonomy serves as the backbone of many teaching philosophies, in particular, those that lean more towards skills rather than content. [8] [9] These educators view content as a vessel for teaching skills. The emphasis on higher-order thinking inherent in such philosophies is based on the top levels of the taxonomy including application ...
Differentiated instruction and assessment, also known as differentiated learning or, in education, simply, differentiation, is a framework or philosophy for effective teaching that involves providing all students within their diverse classroom community of learners a range of different avenues for understanding new information (often in the same classroom) in terms of: acquiring content ...