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sarcasm is an insincere form of politeness which is used to offend one's interlocutor. [9] Linguist John Haiman writes: "There is an extremely close connection between sarcasm and irony, and literary theorists in particular often treat sarcasm as simply the crudest and least interesting form of irony." Also, he adds:
Innuendo in British humour is evident in the literature as far back as Beowulf and Chaucer, and it is a prevalent theme in many British folk songs. Shakespeare often used innuendo in his comedies, but it is also often found in his other plays. [6] One example in Hamlet act 4 scene v reads:
Linguist Robert Hetzron offers the definition: A joke is a short humorous piece of oral literature in which the funniness culminates in the final sentence, called the punchline… In fact, the main condition is that the tension should reach its highest level at the very end. No continuation relieving the tension should be added.
Irony: "A figure of speech in which the intended meaning is the opposite of that expressed by the words used; usually taking the form of sarcasm or ridicule in which laudatory expressions are used to imply condemnation or contempt". [86] "Non-literary irony is often called sarcasm". [87]
Satire is a genre of the visual, literary, and performing arts, usually in the form of fiction and less frequently non-fiction, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, often with the intent of exposing or shaming the perceived flaws of individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement. [1]
Antiphrasis is the rhetorical device of saying the opposite of what is actually meant in such a way that it is obvious what the true intention is. [1]Some authors treat and use antiphrasis just as irony, euphemism or litotes.
The English chorus girls are dead–their pans are cold.” [4] The Oxford English Dictionary cites a 1928 New York Times article as having the first appearance of the term in print. [ 5 ] That article, a collection of film slang compiled by writer and theatrical agent Frank J. Wilstach , defines "dead pan" as "playing a role with ...
Sarcasm can be part of a tongue-in-cheek statement, but many tongue-in-cheek statements are simply amusing or done for general comic effect, without involving sarcasm. Furthermore, "sarcasm" is always used to describe a statement, whereas "tongue-in-cheek" can refer to an action, like a scene in a movie (or an entire movie, for that matter).